民国时期江西公路修筑及路网研究（1911-1936）

发布时间：2018-06-26 21:04

本文选题：民国公路 + 路网建设　；参考：《南昌大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近代江西公路建设起步于1909年的“九莲公路”,此公路仅为满足外国游客游览庐山而修建的九江庐山至莲花洞的省内第一条公路。民国初年,由于传统水运交通的发达、连年战乱以及经济上的困顿,加之地方政府对新事物认知的局限,导致江西公路建设较之周边省份严重滞后。1932年开始,为了执行国民党的“交通清匪”政策,江西公路修筑由民事工程上升为战事工程。这一时期,江西公路经历了从少到多、由线到面,再由面到网的历程。政策出台的同时,省政府强化了公路处的职责,对公路线路进行布局。在经费筹措上,开征专项税源、申请资金调配,并征用大量廉价劳力,以工代赈,按丁摊派。在“多比少好,快比慢好,贱比贵好”三原则的应急政策下,公路建设从组织建设、经费筹措等各项事务都特事特办,短短几年江西路网建设就初具规模,形成“三纵三横”的不平衡路网格局。本文从江西区位及传统交通入手,通过分析民国初期江西公路的现状及原因,从30年代公路扩建的政策背景,组织建构、经费筹措、路网布局到实际效用等诸方面,在疏理20世纪30年代的相关资料基础上,探讨江西路网建设的历史过程,分析其独有的特色,以期丰富中国近代交通史的研究,并有助于江西近代史研究的推进。
[Abstract]:The modern Jiangxi highway construction started in 1909 "Jiulian Highway", this highway is only the first highway from Jiujiang Lushan to Lianhuadong, which is built for foreign tourists to visit Lushan Mountain. In the early years of the Republic of China, due to the development of traditional waterway transportation, successive years of war and economic difficulties, and the limitations of local governments' understanding of new things, the construction of Jiangxi roads was seriously lagging behind the surrounding provinces. In order to carry out the Kuomintang's "traffic bandit" policy, Jiangxi highway construction rose from civil engineering to war engineering. In this period, Jiangxi highway experienced from less to more, from line to surface, then from face to network. At the same time, the provincial government strengthened the responsibilities of the highway department, the layout of road lines. In raising funds, special tax sources should be collected, funds should be allocated, and a large number of cheap labor should be requisitioned. Under the emergency policy of "more is better than less, faster is better than slow, lower is better than good," highway construction is special in terms of organizing construction, raising funds, and so on. In just a few years, Jiangxi road network construction has begun to take shape. The formation of "three vertical and three horizontal" unbalanced road network pattern. Starting with the location and traditional transportation of Jiangxi, this paper analyzes the present situation and reasons of Jiangxi highway in the early period of the Republic of China, from the aspects of policy background, organization construction, financing, road network layout and actual utility of highway expansion in the 1930s, etc. Based on the relevant data of the 1930s, this paper discusses the historical process of Jiangxi road network construction, analyzes its unique characteristics, in order to enrich the study of modern Chinese traffic history and contribute to the advancement of Jiangxi modern history research.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K26

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