近代两广族田研究

发布时间：2018-07-13 13:37

【摘要】：本文以大量的族谱、上改档案、地方志以及调查资料,对两广地区族田的来源、分布特点、发展态势、经营管理、功能性质等方面进行深入的分析,揭示族田的真实面貌,显示两广族田的特色。经过长期发展,两广族田的来源产生了购买、捐助、围垦沙田为主,众存、祖遗、处罚与兑换等为辅的多元化渠道,形成近代西广地区族田现象普遍、存量广泛的现状。但粤桂两省由于社会环境、经济条件、民族构成与分布等方面的不同,导致数量上和分布上的差异,不管是总体数量还是每县保有数量二省都相差悬殊。广东族田的分布总体上是以番禺、中山、顺德等县所在的珠江三角洲地区为中心向四周递减,而广西族田则是从东、南两个方向向西、北两个方向递减。从发展状态看,两广族田在近代时期整体上处于不断发展的过程；从管理角度看,宗族对族田管理者的选择和收支程序都有一系列规定,管理者在严格的管理体制之下行使权利,利于管理者提高办事效率、降低腐败几率；从社会层面看,近代族田作为宗族组织产物,具有助教、祭祀、赡族、救济等多重功能,承担一定的社会保障职能,保证了农村社会和宗族自身的稳定和发展,对传统的宗法社会有深远影响。在近代中国各种思潮风起云涌、西方科学大量输入的背景下新知识分子开始崛起,他们向往、倡导建立新式国家。宗族也顺应时代发展需求,汲取先进思想和管理措施,在一定程度上促进农村社会的现代化。但作为宗族经济基础的族田毕竟是宗法制社会的产物,它必须与封建宗法社会的发展相适应,这就决定了族田必然随着封建宗法社会的灭亡而走向消亡。
[Abstract]:Based on a large number of genealogy, archives, local records and investigation data, this paper makes an in-depth analysis of the sources, distribution characteristics, development trend, management and functional properties of the ethnic fields in Liangguang and Guangxi, and reveals the true appearance of the fields. Show the features of the Liangguang nationality field. After a long period of development, various channels of purchasing, donating, reclaiming Shatin as the main source, common preservation, ancestral inheritance, punishment and exchange as supplementary channels have formed the present situation of widespread phenomenon and extensive stock of ethnic fields in the western and Guangzhou areas in modern times. However, due to the differences in social environment, economic conditions, ethnic composition and distribution between Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, there are great differences in quantity and distribution, both in the total number and in the number of provinces in each county. In general, the distribution of ethnic fields in Guangdong is decreasing from the central to the Pearl River Delta region in Panyu, Zhongshan and Shunde counties, while that of Guangxi ethnic fields decreases from the east to the south to the west and north to the north. From the point of view of the state of development, Liangguanzu farmland was in the process of continuous development as a whole in the modern period. From the point of view of management, the clan had a series of regulations on the selection of the managers of the clan field and the procedure of income and expenditure. Managers exercise their rights under a strict management system, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of their work and reducing the probability of corruption. From a social perspective, as a product of clan organizations, modern ethnic fields have many functions such as teaching assistants, sacrifices, families, relief, etc. Undertaking certain social security functions ensures the stability and development of rural society and clan itself and has far-reaching influence on traditional patriarchal society. New intellectuals began to rise under the background of various ideological trends in modern China and a large number of input of western science. They yearned for and advocated the establishment of a new type of country. Clans also conform to the development needs of the times, absorb advanced ideas and management measures, and promote the modernization of rural society to a certain extent. However, as a patriarchal economic foundation, the clan field is the product of the patriarchal society, and it must adapt to the development of the feudal patriarchal society, which determines that the clan field must die out with the death of the feudal patriarchal society.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：F301;K25

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