抗战时期陕西妇慰会研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 13:59

【摘要】：抗日战争爆发后,民族矛盾上升为全国的主要矛盾,一时间民众抗日的怒潮席卷了整个中国。随着抗日民族统一战线的建立,国共两党的斗争也从国内对抗转向了一致抗日。作为四万万同胞中的一部分,中国妇女也不甘示弱,她们加入战斗,贡献自己应尽的义务。为了响应抗战建国的目标,在蒋夫人宋美龄的号召呼吁下,第一个全国性的妇女团体建立——中国妇女慰劳自卫抗战将士总会,以“适应抗战需要,发动海内外妇女同胞输才尽力担负救国工作”为宗旨积极行动。在总会的号召下,为了扩大总会的影响力,全国各地纷纷建立起分会。1937年8月16日,中国妇女慰劳自卫抗战将士会陕西分会成立(以下简称陕西妇慰会)。本文通过四部分的内容详细地介绍陕西妇慰会从1937年建立到1945年解散这8年时间里的主要活动,通过一个妇女团体展现陕西妇女为抗战所作的贡献。第一部分为陕西妇慰会的建立。主要通过对当时陕西妇慰会产生之前的陕西妇女运动的回顾,分析陕西妇慰会的建立的历史背景,以及建立以后的使命。第二部分主要介绍陕西妇慰会的工作人员和组织结构。在总会的影响下,确定陕西省政府主席孙蔚如的夫人李定荫担任陕西妇慰会的会长,在陕西妇慰会工作人员当中还有一些共产党员,如李馥清、曹冠群、韩忠秀等人。陕西妇慰会下设总务、组织、宣传、慰问、征募、劳作六科,各科各尽职能。在各县成立支会。为更好的开展工作,陕西妇慰会在各县成立支会。第三部分主要介绍陕西妇慰会在这8年的时间中(主要是改组前)具体的一些活动。文章从宣传组织、宣传教育、征募慰劳三个方面进行详细论述。第四部分主要通过陕西妇慰会的活动,总结其对抗战的贡献,以及这些活动对陕西抗战时期所产生的影响进行分析。通过对陕西妇慰会的研究,笔者认为它对陕西的妇女运动产生了一定的影响,促使陕西妇女界的团结统一,顺应了时代主题。
[Abstract]:After the War of Resistance against Japan broke out, the national contradiction became the main contradiction of the whole country. With the establishment of the anti-Japanese national United front, the struggle between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party shifted from domestic confrontation to unanimous resistance. As part of their 400 million compatriots, Chinese women are unyielding, joining the fight and contributing to their obligations. In response to the goal of the founding of the War of Resistance against Japan, the first national women's group, called upon by Mrs. Chiang's wife, Song Mei-ling, established the Chinese Women's Self-Defense War Guild to "adapt to the needs of the War of Resistance". Mobilize women compatriots at home and abroad to lose as best as possible to shoulder the work of national salvation "for the purpose of positive action." At the call of the General Assembly, in order to expand the influence of the Association, branches were set up all over the country. On August 16, 1937, the Shaanxi Branch of the Chinese Women's Self-Defense War of Resistance was established (hereinafter referred to as the Shaanxi Women's Boxing Association). This paper introduces in detail the main activities of Shaanxi women's masturbation association in the eight years from its establishment in 1937 to its dissolution in 1945, and shows through a women's group the contributions made by Shaanxi women to the War of Resistance against Japan. The first part is the establishment of Shaanxi women's masturbation association. By reviewing the Shaanxi women's movement before the birth of the Shaanxi Women's Association at that time, this paper analyzes the historical background of the establishment of the Shaanxi Women's masturbation Association and its mission after its establishment. The second part mainly introduces the staff and organizational structure of Shaanxi Women's Tacation Association. Under the influence of the General Assembly, Li Dingyin, the wife of Shaanxi Provincial Government Chairman Sun Weiru, was appointed chairman of the Shaanxi Women's Tactical Association. Among the staff of the Shaanxi Women's Touch Association, there are also some members of the Communist Party, such as Li Fuqing, Cao Guanqun, Han Zhongxiu, and others. Shaanxi Women's Boxing Association has general affairs, organization, propaganda, condolences, recruitment, labor six sections, each of the departments do their functions. Set up branches in each county. In order to better carry out the work, Shaanxi Women's Association set up branches in each county. The third part mainly introduces the specific activities of Shaanxi women's masturbation club in the past 8 years (mainly before reorganization). The article discusses in detail from three aspects: propaganda organization, propaganda and education, recruitment and consolation. The fourth part summarizes its contribution to the War of Resistance through the activities of Shaanxi Women's masturbation Association, and analyzes the influence of these activities on the period of Shaanxi Anti-Japanese War. Based on the study of Shaanxi Women's Tactical Association, the author thinks that it has a certain influence on the women's movement in Shaanxi, and promotes the unity of Shaanxi women's circle and conforms to the theme of the times.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K265;D442.9

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