南京国民政府铁路战备研究（1931-1937）

发布时间：2018-08-08 15:38

【摘要】： “九·一八”事变之后,日本对华步步紧逼,南京国民政府不得不制定一系列的战备动员政策,铁路战备政策就是其中重要一项。本文系统地梳理南京国民政府铁路战备政策产生、发展的轨迹,总结了这一政策的特点,分析了影响这一政策的诸多因素以及由此产生的各种影响。力图对南京国民政府的铁路战备政策有一个全面、总体的认识,并对这一政策进行客观的评价。本文分为三章,第一章是铁路战备政策出台的背景。本章节开头就指出近代铁路从其诞生起就与战争有了密不可分的关系,并进一步指出南京国民政府铁路战备政策是日本的铁路殖民计划和当时中国铁路无法满足战备需要内外两原因所致的结果。第二章是本论文的主体部分,即南京国民政府铁路战备的主要内容;在本章中,作者分析了战备铁路建设资金来源于外资与内资两方面,并特别论述了中国本土资本在战备铁路修建中发挥了重要作用,指出这一点是南京国民政府与以往中国政府在铁路建设上的最大不同。之后,作者又对战备铁路的建设及管理方面进行详细论述,并考察了新生活运动下铁路员工的战备动员。第三章是对南京国民政府铁路战备政策的评价,在本章中,作者对南京国民政府铁路战备政策进行了客观评价,既肯定了铁路战备政策在抗战中发挥了积极作用,又对铁路战备政策的局限性进行了分析。南京国民政府的铁路战备政策具有明显的进步性,但是,由于当时国内外环境的影响,特别是国民政府“攘外必先安内”政策的影响,战备铁路建设比较缓慢,这为中国以后的抗战留下了很大遗憾。
[Abstract]:After the "September 18" incident, Japan was pressing toward China step by step, and the Nanjing National Government had to formulate a series of war preparedness mobilization policies, among which the railway war preparedness policy was one of the most important. This paper systematically combs the emergence and development of the railway war readiness policy of the Nanjing National Government, summarizes the characteristics of this policy, and analyzes many factors that affect the policy and the various influences therefrom. This paper tries to have a comprehensive and overall understanding of the railway war preparedness policy of the Nanjing National Government, and makes an objective evaluation of the policy. This paper is divided into three chapters, the first chapter is the background of railway war preparedness policy. At the beginning of this chapter, it is pointed out that the modern railway has been closely related to the war since its birth. Furthermore, it is pointed out that the railway war readiness policy of the Nanjing National Government was the result of Japan's railway colonial plan and the fact that the Chinese railway could not meet the needs of war preparedness both inside and outside at that time. The second chapter is the main part of this paper, that is, the main contents of the railway war readiness of the Nanjing National Government, in this chapter, the author analyzes that the railway construction funds for war readiness come from both foreign capital and domestic capital. It is pointed out that the Nanjing National Government is the biggest difference between the Nanjing National Government and the former Chinese government in railway construction. After that, the author discusses the construction and management of war ready railway in detail, and examines the mobilization of railway staff under the new life movement. The third chapter is the evaluation of the railway war readiness policy of the Nanjing National Government. In this chapter, the author makes an objective evaluation of the railway war readiness policy of the Nanjing National Government, which confirms that the railway war readiness policy has played an active role in the Anti-Japanese War. The limitation of railway war preparedness policy is also analyzed. The railway war readiness policy of the Nanjing National Government was obviously progressive. However, due to the influence of the domestic and foreign environment at that time, especially the influence of the national government's policy of "making peace before the outside", the railway construction for war readiness was relatively slow. This left a great regret for China's future anti-Japanese war.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K263

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