河湟事变余部西进新疆考述
发布时间：2018-08-12 09:59
【摘要】：清朝晚期,西北地区伊斯兰教花寺门宦在其创始人马来迟离世之后,内部因教义分歧发生争执,从而产生了新老两派。其中,赞成进行改革的称之为新派,反对改革的称之为老派,两派之间争执不断,甚者发生了多次械斗。清朝政府西北地方官员不但没有及时调解新老两派之间的纠纷,其一系列的不当处置反而使两派之间的矛盾不断激化。最终,于光绪二十一年(公元1895年)五月在循化地区爆发了一场反清运动,并很快席卷整个河湟地区,史称“河湟事变”。河湟事变爆发后,清朝政府调集重兵对回民军进行围剿。虽然,回民军在前期与清军的交战中占据上风。但是,随着董福祥、魏光焘等率兵入甘,新疆巡抚陶模也入关参战,回民军渐渐无力与清军抗衡,遂被分化剿抚。青海西宁地区的回民军被清军击溃后,以刘四伏为首的苏家堡余部和以冶八个为首的永安营余部为了躲避清军的围捕,意图效仿陕甘回变中的白彦虎部从玉门、敦煌方向西进新疆。但是,由于回民军余部自身力量并不强大,没有能够实现预期目标。在清军的围追堵截当中,刘四伏部经海北草地、翻越祁连山,不断向西逃窜。并在柴达木盆地、昌马等地多次与清军交战,冶八个部在野牛沟一带与清军作战,期间不断有回民军被剿灭或招抚。清朝政府将接受招抚的回民军余部和西逃的回族流民集中安置在新疆罗布绰尔一带。此后,因该地当土地贫瘠,粮食欠收,被安置在此的回族部众中不断有人逃走。光绪二十九年(公元1903年),焉耆知府刘嘉德将剩余的回族部众迁移到焉耆府所属开都河南岸水草肥美的马场台地区,并将此地命名为抚回庄。至此,河湟事变中,西进的回民军余部在南疆罗布绰尔地区落户,并繁衍至今,成为了今天焉耆回族自治县一带回族人口的主要来源。这部分回族部众的到来,改变了南疆罗布绰尔地区的民族结构,也为南疆的农业生产和社会发展做出了一定的贡献。
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, after the late death of the founder of the Flower Temple of Islam in Northwest China, there was a dispute between the two schools. Among them, those in favour of reform are called the New School, and those who oppose the Reform call the Old School. The northwest local officials of Qing Dynasty not only failed to mediate the disputes between the new and the old in time, but also intensified the contradiction between the two schools by a series of improper handling. Finally, in Guang Xu 21 (1895 AD) in May in Xunhua region broke out an anti-Qing movement, and quickly swept the entire Hehuang area, known as "Hehuang incident." After the Hehuang incident broke out, the Qing government mobilized heavy troops to carry out encirclement and suppression of the Hui Army. However, the Hui people's Army had the upper hand in the early battle with the Qing army. However, with Dong Fuxiang, Wei Guangtao and others leading troops into Gansu, Xinjiang Patriarch pottery model also entered the war, the Hui people's Army gradually unable to compete with the Qing army, was then divided and suppressed. After the Hui people's Army in Xining area of Qinghai Province was defeated by the Qing army, the remaining parts of Su Jia Bao headed by Liu Sifu and Yongan Ying, led by Ye eight, in order to avoid the encirclement of the Qing army, intended to follow the example of Bai Yanhu who was in the process of transformation from Yumen. Dunhuang moves westward into Xinjiang. However, because the remaining Hui National Army itself is not strong enough to achieve the desired goals. In the Qing army's siege interception, Liu four-volt through Haibei grassland, across the Qilian Mountains, constantly fled to the west. And in Qaidam Basin, Changma and other places and many fighting with the Qing army, the eight departments in the bison ditch and the Qing army, during which the Hui Army was constantly exterminated or caressed. The Qing government concentrated the remaining part of the Huis Army and the displaced Hui people who fled west in the area of Lopu'er, Xinjiang. Since then, because the land was barren and poor in grain, some of the Hui people who had been resettled there kept fleeing. Guang Xu 29 (A.D. 1903), Yanqi Zhifu Liu Jiade moved the remaining Hui people to the southern bank of the Kaidu River south of the racetrack area, and named this place Fuhuizhuang. So far, during the Hehuang incident, the remaining part of the Hui Army moved westward into the Luopu'er area of southern Xinjiang, and has multiplied to this day, becoming the main source of the Hui population in Yanqi Hui Autonomous County today. The arrival of this part of the Hui ethnic group changed the ethnic structure of the Lobbuqier region in southern Xinjiang, and also made certain contributions to the agricultural production and social development of the southern Xinjiang.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K252
本文编号：2178711
[Abstract]:In the late Qing Dynasty, after the late death of the founder of the Flower Temple of Islam in Northwest China, there was a dispute between the two schools. Among them, those in favour of reform are called the New School, and those who oppose the Reform call the Old School. The northwest local officials of Qing Dynasty not only failed to mediate the disputes between the new and the old in time, but also intensified the contradiction between the two schools by a series of improper handling. Finally, in Guang Xu 21 (1895 AD) in May in Xunhua region broke out an anti-Qing movement, and quickly swept the entire Hehuang area, known as "Hehuang incident." After the Hehuang incident broke out, the Qing government mobilized heavy troops to carry out encirclement and suppression of the Hui Army. However, the Hui people's Army had the upper hand in the early battle with the Qing army. However, with Dong Fuxiang, Wei Guangtao and others leading troops into Gansu, Xinjiang Patriarch pottery model also entered the war, the Hui people's Army gradually unable to compete with the Qing army, was then divided and suppressed. After the Hui people's Army in Xining area of Qinghai Province was defeated by the Qing army, the remaining parts of Su Jia Bao headed by Liu Sifu and Yongan Ying, led by Ye eight, in order to avoid the encirclement of the Qing army, intended to follow the example of Bai Yanhu who was in the process of transformation from Yumen. Dunhuang moves westward into Xinjiang. However, because the remaining Hui National Army itself is not strong enough to achieve the desired goals. In the Qing army's siege interception, Liu four-volt through Haibei grassland, across the Qilian Mountains, constantly fled to the west. And in Qaidam Basin, Changma and other places and many fighting with the Qing army, the eight departments in the bison ditch and the Qing army, during which the Hui Army was constantly exterminated or caressed. The Qing government concentrated the remaining part of the Huis Army and the displaced Hui people who fled west in the area of Lopu'er, Xinjiang. Since then, because the land was barren and poor in grain, some of the Hui people who had been resettled there kept fleeing. Guang Xu 29 (A.D. 1903), Yanqi Zhifu Liu Jiade moved the remaining Hui people to the southern bank of the Kaidu River south of the racetrack area, and named this place Fuhuizhuang. So far, during the Hehuang incident, the remaining part of the Hui Army moved westward into the Luopu'er area of southern Xinjiang, and has multiplied to this day, becoming the main source of the Hui population in Yanqi Hui Autonomous County today. The arrival of this part of the Hui ethnic group changed the ethnic structure of the Lobbuqier region in southern Xinjiang, and also made certain contributions to the agricultural production and social development of the southern Xinjiang.
【学位授予单位】：青海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K252
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