英国驻华人员对辛亥革命的影响研究

发布时间：2018-08-19 15:21

【摘要】：辛亥革命是中国民主革命时期一次具有伟大历史意义的革命,其目的是为了推翻帝国主义在中国的统治工具—腐朽的清政府,建立一个独立富强、民主共和的新政府,然而,中国的富强,势必会触及到英国等帝国主义的在华利益,不利于其在亚洲的殖民统治,因此,英国等帝国主义希望尽快破坏辛亥革命。那么,如何才能尽快地破坏辛亥革命,而且又能很好地维护其在华的利益?显然,除了其他手段外,很好地利用驻华人员是帝国主义破坏革命较为直接的途径之一辛亥革命时期,英国驻华人员主要有：著名驻华记者(政治家)乔治·厄内斯特·莫理循、驻北京公使朱尔典、驻汉口总领事葛福、驻上海总领事法磊斯、驻成都总领事务谨顺、驻南京领事伟晋颂等等,但是,对辛亥革命这段历史影响较大的英国驻华人员当属当属乔治·厄内斯特·莫理循(George Ernest Morrison,1862-1920)、驻北京公使朱尔典(John Newell Jordan,1852-1925)、驻汉口总领事葛福(Herbert Goffe,1870-1939)、驻上海总领事法磊斯(Everard Duncan Home Fraser,1859-1922)。所以本文所指的英国驻华人员主要是以探讨他们为主。革命爆发后,以他们为代表的英国驻华人员已经介入到了中国政局内部,妨害、阻扰和破坏辛亥革命便成为了他们的重要任务。本文分五章来论述辛亥革命中的英国驻华人员,具体包括：第一章,武昌起义前夕的中英两国局势分析。主要对中英外交政局和中国的经济权益进行分析。第二章,英国对辛亥革命爆发后的态度解析。本章主要论述辛亥革命爆发后,英国的态度、驻华人员的个人立场与英帝国的国家利益的关系进行分析。第三章,“中立”幌子下的英国驻华人员对辛亥革命的表现探析。本章主要探析莫理循、朱尔典、葛福、法磊斯等英国驻华人员从政治、经济上对辛亥革命展开的种种阻扰与表现。第四章,辛亥革命后期英国驻华人员“中立”政策的彻底转变。本章以探讨英国驻华人员由“政治外交中立”到南北议和、“金融中立”到“善后垫款”的转变,以及转变的实质和英国驻华人员对辛亥革命阻扰的结果为主。第五章,一方面,主要论述英国驻华人员影响辛亥革命的个人作用及其体现；另一方面,以英国驻华人员对辛亥革命的多方面影响来进行深层次的反思,以此形成系统、具体的研究成果。本文拟从中外关系史的角度出发,以辛亥革命中的英国驻华人员作为切入点,以莫理循、朱尔典、葛福和法磊斯等重要人物为线索,再以他们从政治、经济等方面对辛亥革命的影响展开行文,并进一步论证探索。
[Abstract]:The Revolution of 1911 was a revolution of great historical significance in the period of China's democratic revolution. Its purpose was to overthrow the decadent Qing government, the ruling tool of imperialism in China, and to establish a new government of independence, prosperity, democracy and republic, however, China's prosperity and strength will inevitably touch the interests of Britain and other imperialists in China, which is not conducive to its colonial rule in Asia. Therefore, Britain and other imperialists hope to destroy the 1911 Revolution as soon as possible. So, how can we destroy the 1911 Revolution as soon as possible and safeguard its interests in China? Obviously, among other means, making good use of people in China is one of the more direct ways for imperialism to destroy the revolution during the Revolution of 1911. British staff in China mainly include: George Ernest Morrison, famous journalist (statesman) in China, Zhu Erdian, Minister in Beijing, GE Fu, Consul General in Hankou, Fares, Consul General in Shanghai, and Consul General in Chengdu. The Consul in Nanjing, Wei Jin-sung, and so on, but, The most influential British personnel in China were George Ernest Morrisonn (1862-1920), (John Newell Jordann, Minister in Beijing (1852-1925), Herbert Goffey (1870-1939) and (Everard Duncan Home Fraser, Shanghai Consul General (1859-1922). Therefore, this article refers to the British personnel in China mainly to discuss them. After the revolution broke out, the British personnel in China, represented by them, had been involved in the Chinese political situation, obstructing, obstructing and destroying the Revolution of 1911 had become their important task. This article is divided into five chapters to discuss the British personnel in China in the Revolution of 1911, including: chapter one, the analysis of the situation between China and Britain on the eve of Wuchang uprising. It mainly analyzes the diplomatic situation of China and Britain and the economic rights and interests of China. The second chapter, the British attitude after the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911. This chapter mainly discusses the relationship between British attitude, personal position of Chinese personnel and the national interests of the British Empire after the Revolution of 1911. The third chapter analyzes the performance of British personnel in China under the guise of neutrality to the Revolution of 1911. This chapter mainly analyzes the political and economic obstruction and performance of British personnel in China, such as Morrison, Zhu Erdian, Geoff, Falles and so on. Chapter four, the complete transformation of British "neutral" policy in China in the late period of 1911 Revolution. This chapter focuses on the changes of British personnel in China from "political and diplomatic neutrality" to "North-South peace", "financial neutrality" to "after-care advances", as well as the essence of the changes and the results of British personnel in China blocking the 1911 Revolution. The fifth chapter, on the one hand, mainly discusses the personal role of British personnel in China influencing the Revolution of 1911 and its embodiment; on the other hand, it makes a deep reflection on the many aspects of the impact of the Revolution of 1911 by British staff in China to form a system. Concrete research results. From the perspective of the history of Sino-foreign relations, this article intends to take the British personnel in China in the Revolution of 1911 as the breakthrough point, take the important figures such as Morrison, Zhu Erdian, Gefu and Falleys as clues, and then take them from the political point of view. Economic and other aspects of the impact of the Revolution of 1911, and further argumentation and exploration.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K257

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