论国民政府对花园口事件的善后处理
发布时间：2018-08-21 13:59
【摘要】：1938年徐州失守后,中原重镇郑州岌岌可危,战时首都武汉、西北西南抗战大后方也都面临日军侵略的严重威胁,国民政府为了阻止日军对郑州的进攻,命令第一战区的商震部队在河南境内的赵口和花园口处,将黄河南岸大堤掘开,以水淹进犯郑州的日军部队。黄水泛滥成灾后,国民政府出于争取国际国内舆论、为抗战建国积蓄人力物力等多方面因素的考虑,采取了一系列的积极善后措施,以凝聚民族力量争取抗日战争的胜利。在抗战时期,国民政府面临巨大的财政压力,因此,黄灾救济主要是集中在受灾最严重的河南省地区。本文以国民政府对该事件发生后的宣传报道和对河南灾区的切实救济为论述重点,以《大公报》和《申报》为重要文献依托,以期全面客观的了解花园口事件始末。全文共分三个部分,详细论述花园口事件、国民政府的善后处理措施和善后措施评价。第一部分是对花园口事件的概述,包括花园口事件发生前中国正面战场的抗战局势、花园口决堤决策的提出和实施过程、黄水泛滥带来的巨大灾难和军事意义。第二部分重点论述花园口事件后国民政府的善后处理,该事件发生后,国民政府一方面加强了舆论宣传,谴责日军暴行和激励全国民众积极抗战保家卫国,另一方面在受灾最严重的河南灾区开展多项切实的善后救济活动,包括派员安抚救济、移民垦殖、抢堵黄河决口和修筑防泛新堤等内容。第三部分对国民政府善后措施作简要评价,国民政府在黄灾之后采取的一系列积极善后措施,不仅为无数灾民提供了生活保障,也极大的凝聚了全民族的抗战力量,因而在抗日战争时期发挥着重要作用。但是,国民政府对黄灾的救济措施存在着救灾时间滞后、资金投入不足等问题。
[Abstract]:After the fall of Xuzhou in 1938, Zhengzhou, an important town in the Central Plains, was at risk. In order to stop the Japanese attack on Zhengzhou, the Nationalist Government also faced a serious threat of Japanese aggression against Wuhan, the wartime capital and the main rear area of the Southwest Anti-Japanese War in northwest China. The commercial earthquake troops of the first war zone were ordered to dig the embankments on the south bank of the Yellow River at Zhaokou and Huayuankou in Henan Province and to flood the Japanese troops who invaded Zhengzhou with water. After the flood of yellow water, the national government took a series of positive measures to win over the international and domestic public opinion and save manpower and material resources for the establishment of the War of Resistance against Japan, in order to rally the national strength for the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. During the Anti-Japanese War, the national government faced great financial pressure, so the relief of Huang disaster was mainly concentrated in Henan Province, which was the worst hit area. This paper focuses on the propaganda report of the National Government after the incident and the practical relief to the disaster areas in Henan Province, and takes "Ta Kung Pao" and "Declaration" as the important documents, in order to comprehensively and objectively understand the beginning and the end of the Huayuankou incident. The thesis is divided into three parts, including the Huayuankou incident, the post-treatment measures of the National Government and the evaluation of the after-care measures. The first part is an overview of the Huayuankou incident, including the situation of anti-Japanese war in China's front battlefield before the Huayuankou incident, the proposal and implementation process of Huayuankou breakwater decision, and the great disaster and military significance brought about by the flood of yellow water. The second part focuses on the post-treatment of the National Government after the Huayuankou incident. After the incident, the National Government, on the one hand, intensified the propaganda of public opinion, condemned the atrocities of the Japanese army and encouraged the people throughout the country to actively fight against Japan to defend their country. On the other hand, a number of practical relief activities have been carried out in Henan disaster areas, which are the worst hit areas, including sending personnel to appease relief, resettling people, robbing the Yellow River to break the gulf and building new levees. The third part makes a brief evaluation of the measures taken by the National Government to deal with the aftermath of the disaster. The series of positive measures adopted by the National Government after the Yellow disaster not only provided a living guarantee for countless victims, but also greatly condensed the strength of the whole nation in the war of resistance. Therefore, it played an important role in the War of Resistance against Japan. However, there are some problems in the relief measures of the national government, such as the lag of relief time and insufficient investment of funds.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K265
本文编号：2195958
[Abstract]:After the fall of Xuzhou in 1938, Zhengzhou, an important town in the Central Plains, was at risk. In order to stop the Japanese attack on Zhengzhou, the Nationalist Government also faced a serious threat of Japanese aggression against Wuhan, the wartime capital and the main rear area of the Southwest Anti-Japanese War in northwest China. The commercial earthquake troops of the first war zone were ordered to dig the embankments on the south bank of the Yellow River at Zhaokou and Huayuankou in Henan Province and to flood the Japanese troops who invaded Zhengzhou with water. After the flood of yellow water, the national government took a series of positive measures to win over the international and domestic public opinion and save manpower and material resources for the establishment of the War of Resistance against Japan, in order to rally the national strength for the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan. During the Anti-Japanese War, the national government faced great financial pressure, so the relief of Huang disaster was mainly concentrated in Henan Province, which was the worst hit area. This paper focuses on the propaganda report of the National Government after the incident and the practical relief to the disaster areas in Henan Province, and takes "Ta Kung Pao" and "Declaration" as the important documents, in order to comprehensively and objectively understand the beginning and the end of the Huayuankou incident. The thesis is divided into three parts, including the Huayuankou incident, the post-treatment measures of the National Government and the evaluation of the after-care measures. The first part is an overview of the Huayuankou incident, including the situation of anti-Japanese war in China's front battlefield before the Huayuankou incident, the proposal and implementation process of Huayuankou breakwater decision, and the great disaster and military significance brought about by the flood of yellow water. The second part focuses on the post-treatment of the National Government after the Huayuankou incident. After the incident, the National Government, on the one hand, intensified the propaganda of public opinion, condemned the atrocities of the Japanese army and encouraged the people throughout the country to actively fight against Japan to defend their country. On the other hand, a number of practical relief activities have been carried out in Henan disaster areas, which are the worst hit areas, including sending personnel to appease relief, resettling people, robbing the Yellow River to break the gulf and building new levees. The third part makes a brief evaluation of the measures taken by the National Government to deal with the aftermath of the disaster. The series of positive measures adopted by the National Government after the Yellow disaster not only provided a living guarantee for countless victims, but also greatly condensed the strength of the whole nation in the war of resistance. Therefore, it played an important role in the War of Resistance against Japan. However, there are some problems in the relief measures of the national government, such as the lag of relief time and insufficient investment of funds.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：K265
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相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 鲍梦隐;黄河决、堵口问题研究[D];山东大学;2013年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 王向文;论抗日战争时期国民党政府的“焦土抗战”政策[D];中南大学;2005年
，本文编号：2195958
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