抗日战争时期湖北国民政府民众动员研究

发布时间：2018-08-28 13:45

【摘要】：1937年,抗战全面爆发。国民政府在敌强我弱的条件下,要想求得国家民族的独立,稳定自身的统治地位,就必须发动一切可以发动的力量,特别是要发动民众的力量,来争取最后的胜利。这不仅是国民政府御侮图存唯一的选择,更是社会舆论普遍接受的共识。国民党以及湖北地方军政机关在抗战的不同阶段都对民众动员十分重视,采取了一系列措施推进湖北民众动员工作的开展。湖北民众的国家情绪和民族意识在历史与现实的共同推动下也十分高涨。政府的高度重视和民众的热烈情绪成为推进湖北民众动员工作的重要动力。抗战期间,湖北的动员活动依据发生的背景和动员内容可以为分为平时动员和战时动员两个方面。平时动员包括捐款、购债、征募、慰劳、救护、宣传等活动;战时动员则以战场服务和战争支持为活动重点。本文以抗战期间湖北各项民众动员活动为研究对象。依据湖北军政当局和各界民众在民众动员上的互动,分析国家政策、动员机制以及民众热情等因素对湖北民众动员活动产生的历史影响。还原国民政府在民众动员工作中心有余而力不足的尴尬局面。揭示抗战时期湖北民众动员活动效果不佳的原因在于国民政府的国家权力无法落实到基层,导致国家政策设计与落实出现落差。
[Abstract]:The War of Resistance broke out in 1937. Under the condition that the enemy is strong and weak, the national government, in order to gain the independence of the nation and stabilize its dominant position, must mobilize all the forces that can be mobilized, especially the strength of the people, to win the final victory. This is not only the national government's only choice, but also the consensus generally accepted by public opinion. The Kuomintang and the local military and government organs in Hubei attached great importance to the mobilization of the masses in different stages of the War of Resistance against Japan, and took a series of measures to promote the mobilization of the people in Hubei. The national sentiment and national consciousness of Hubei people are also very high under the promotion of history and reality. The government attaches great importance and the people's enthusiasm becomes the important motive force to push the Hubei people's mobilization work. During the Anti-Japanese War, the mobilization activities in Hubei could be divided into two aspects: peacetime mobilization and wartime mobilization according to the background and content of mobilization. Peacetime mobilization includes donation, debt purchase, recruitment, consolation, rescue, propaganda and so on, while wartime mobilization focuses on battlefield service and war support. This paper studies the mobilization activities of Hubei people during the War of Resistance against Japan. According to the interaction between Hubei military and government authorities and people from all walks of life on the mobilization of the masses, this paper analyzes the historical influence of national policies, mobilization mechanisms and popular enthusiasm on the mobilization activities of Hubei people. The restoration of the National Government in the center of the mobilization of the people has more than and insufficient embarrassment. It is revealed that the reason for the poor result of the mobilization activities of the people in Hubei during the Anti-Japanese War is that the state power of the national government could not be implemented to the grass-roots level, which led to the difference in the design and implementation of national policies.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265

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