近代抚顺煤矿中国劳工状况探析（1907-1945）

发布时间：2018-09-02 07:02

【摘要】：抚顺煤矿是蕴藏大量优质煤炭的亚洲最大煤矿。日俄战争胜利后,日本政府获得了南满洲铁路和抚顺煤矿的开采经营权。日本在大连设立了“南满洲铁道株式会社”(简称满铁)加强对东北地区政治与经济方面的控制,并将抚顺煤矿作为仅次于铁路的第二产业加以经营,服务于日本的殖民统治。日本在抚顺利用中国廉价的劳动力获取了充足矿产资源,还对中国劳工进行非人道的迫害。抚顺煤矿的中国劳工不仅劳动条件恶劣,工作量及其繁重,生活举步维艰,而且生命安全得不到有效的保障。不堪被压迫和奴役的中国劳工采取诸多方式进行反抗斗争。本文在概观抚顺煤矿的基础上,就其劳工问题,从工人募集、劳动过程、工人工资、生活日常等诸多方面进行考察,力争对于日本的殖民统治,特别是自抗日战争以来推行的战时统制经济,在抚顺产生了哪些矛盾,煤矿方面为解决矛盾采取了什么对策,以及由此又带来何种新的矛盾等问题进行一定探讨。本文共分四部分：第一部分是介绍抚顺煤矿的基本情况。分为九一八事变前和伪满时期两个阶段分别进行论述。第二部分主要剖析抚顺煤矿对中国劳工的招募和管理。第三部分论述抚顺煤矿中国劳工的劳动与生活状况。以文献资料为切入点,通过对中国劳工的劳动时间、劳动强度、劳动环境、劳动灾害、工资、物价等方面进行深入阐述,进而揭示抚顺煤矿中国劳工的实际生活状况。第四部分重点探究抚顺煤矿中国劳工的反抗斗争。主要从罢工与逃亡等几方面来分析抚顺煤矿中国劳工运动的特点。
[Abstract]:Fushun Coal Mine is the largest coal mine in Asia, which contains a large amount of high-quality coal. After the victory of the Japanese and Russian War, the Japanese government obtained the mining rights of the South Manchuria Railway and Fushun Coal Mine. Japan set up "South Manchuria Railway Corporation" in Dalian to strengthen the control of politics and economy in Northeast China, and took Fushun Coal Mine as the second industry after railway to serve the colonial rule of Japan. In Fushun, Japan used cheap Chinese labor to obtain abundant mineral resources and inhumane persecution of Chinese workers. The Chinese workers in Fushun Coal Mine not only have poor working conditions and heavy workload, but also can not guarantee the safety of their lives effectively. The oppressed and enslaved Chinese labors fought in many ways. On the basis of an overview of Fushun Coal Mine, this paper investigates the labor problems of Fushun Coal Mine from the aspects of worker recruitment, labor process, workers' wages, daily life and so on, in order to strive for the colonial rule of Japan. Especially since the War of Resistance against Japan, what contradictions have been produced in Fushun, what countermeasures have been taken to solve the contradictions in the coal mine, and what new contradictions have been brought about therefrom. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is to introduce the basic situation of Fushun Coal Mine. It is divided into two stages: before the September 18 incident and during the period of pseudo-Manchuria. The second part analyzes the recruitment and management of Chinese workers in Fushun Coal Mine. The third part discusses the labor and living conditions of Chinese workers in Fushun Coal Mine. Based on the literature and materials, this paper expounds the labor time, labor intensity, labor environment, labor disasters, wages and prices of Chinese workers in order to reveal the actual living conditions of Chinese workers in Fushun Coal Mine. The fourth part focuses on the struggle of Chinese workers in Fushun Coal Mine. The characteristics of the Chinese labor movement in Fushun Coal Mine are analyzed from the aspects of strike and escape.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：K26

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