近代安徽农业种植结构变迁研究
发布时间：2018-09-02 08:44
【摘要】：1840年鸦片战争以后,安徽进入近代社会。作为农业重要组成部分之一的种植业,在国际国内经济环境发生重大变化的背景下,出现了许多新的因素。本文拟通过对以下四部分的论述,探究近代安徽农业种植结构的变迁过程、动因及其与安徽经济社会发展的互动关系。 安徽襟江带淮,分为皖北平原、江淮丘陵和皖南山区三大自然区域；气候温暖湿润,土壤肥沃,农业自然地理环境适合农作物的生长。安徽拥有悠久的农业发展史,明清时代作物生产、农田水利等己达到相当水平。近代以前皖省传统农作物种植主要包括水稻、麦、棉花、茶叶、豆类、蚕桑等,整体呈现出粮食作物种植占主导,经济作物种植开始发展的特征。 近代安徽粮食作物与经济作物种植变迁各有特点：粮食作物以水稻和麦类为主,前者是清末皖省最主要的出口农产品,在种植面积和产量方面均占据首位；后者商品化程度提高很快,新品种的研制和推广成就显著。棉花、茶叶、烟草等经济作物发展较快,由于此类产品市场价值较高,人们在经济利益驱使下,乐于接受种植新品种,并主动扩大种植面积,这也在局部地区造成经济作物挤占粮食作物种植的情况。 农业种植结构的变化是一定自然地理环境、社会经济结构、生产技术条件和农民传统习惯等多种因素综合作用的产物。其中,农业商品化的拉动、近代交通运输业的发展以及近代手工业、工业对农业原材料的需求,均是促使近代安徽农业种植结构发生变化的重要因素。 种植业在农业生产各部门中居基础性地位。近代安徽农业种植结构与农村的养蚕业、粮油加工业、农村金融业等非农产业以及农民的饮食结构、收入等方面关系密切。农作物规模化、区域化种植,带动地区间农业商品贸易的发展,繁荣的市场贸易使得近代安徽形成了江淮地区的粮油贸易、皖西皖南地区的茶叶贸易和皖北地区烟草等经济作物贸易为主的三大农村集市、城镇集中分布区。
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, Anhui entered the modern society. As one of the important parts of agriculture, many new factors have emerged in the background of great changes in the international and domestic economic environment. In this paper, the following four parts of the discussion, to explore the modern Anhui agricultural planting structure of the vicissitude process, motivation and the interaction with the economic and social development of Anhui. There are three natural regions in Anhui Province, I. e. Northern Anhui Plain, Jianghuai Hilly area and Southern Anhui Mountain area. The climate is warm and humid, the soil is fertile, and the agricultural natural geographical environment is suitable for the growth of crops. Anhui has a long history of agricultural development, the Ming and Qing dynasties crop production, irrigation and water has reached a considerable level. Before modern times, traditional crops in Anhui Province mainly included rice, wheat, cotton, tea, beans, sericulture and so on. In modern Anhui Province, grain crops and cash crops had their own characteristics: Rice and wheat were the main crops, the former was the most important agricultural product of Anhui Province in the end of Qing Dynasty, and occupied the first place in planting area and yield. The degree of commercialization of the latter quickly increased, the development and promotion of new varieties of remarkable achievements. Cash crops such as cotton, tea and tobacco are developing faster. Because of the high market value of such products, people are willing to accept the planting of new varieties and take the initiative to expand the planting area, driven by economic benefits. This also causes cash crops to run out of food crops in some areas. The change of agricultural planting structure is the result of many factors, such as natural geographical environment, social and economic structure, production technical conditions and farmers' traditional habits and so on. Among them, the promotion of agricultural commercialization, the development of modern transportation industry and the demand of modern handicraft industry for agricultural raw materials are the important factors to promote the change of agricultural planting structure in modern Anhui. Planting plays a fundamental role in all sectors of agricultural production. The structure of agricultural planting in modern Anhui is closely related to the sericulture industry, grain and oil processing industry, rural financial industry and other non-agricultural industries, as well as the diet structure and income of farmers. The large-scale and regionalized cultivation of crops led to the development of inter-regional agricultural commodity trade. The prosperous market trade led to the formation of grain and oil trade in the Jianghuai region in modern Anhui. There are three rural bazaars in the west and south of Anhui province, and the distribution areas of towns and cities are mainly the trade of tobacco and other cash crops in the north of Anhui province.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F329;K25
本文编号：2218841
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, Anhui entered the modern society. As one of the important parts of agriculture, many new factors have emerged in the background of great changes in the international and domestic economic environment. In this paper, the following four parts of the discussion, to explore the modern Anhui agricultural planting structure of the vicissitude process, motivation and the interaction with the economic and social development of Anhui. There are three natural regions in Anhui Province, I. e. Northern Anhui Plain, Jianghuai Hilly area and Southern Anhui Mountain area. The climate is warm and humid, the soil is fertile, and the agricultural natural geographical environment is suitable for the growth of crops. Anhui has a long history of agricultural development, the Ming and Qing dynasties crop production, irrigation and water has reached a considerable level. Before modern times, traditional crops in Anhui Province mainly included rice, wheat, cotton, tea, beans, sericulture and so on. In modern Anhui Province, grain crops and cash crops had their own characteristics: Rice and wheat were the main crops, the former was the most important agricultural product of Anhui Province in the end of Qing Dynasty, and occupied the first place in planting area and yield. The degree of commercialization of the latter quickly increased, the development and promotion of new varieties of remarkable achievements. Cash crops such as cotton, tea and tobacco are developing faster. Because of the high market value of such products, people are willing to accept the planting of new varieties and take the initiative to expand the planting area, driven by economic benefits. This also causes cash crops to run out of food crops in some areas. The change of agricultural planting structure is the result of many factors, such as natural geographical environment, social and economic structure, production technical conditions and farmers' traditional habits and so on. Among them, the promotion of agricultural commercialization, the development of modern transportation industry and the demand of modern handicraft industry for agricultural raw materials are the important factors to promote the change of agricultural planting structure in modern Anhui. Planting plays a fundamental role in all sectors of agricultural production. The structure of agricultural planting in modern Anhui is closely related to the sericulture industry, grain and oil processing industry, rural financial industry and other non-agricultural industries, as well as the diet structure and income of farmers. The large-scale and regionalized cultivation of crops led to the development of inter-regional agricultural commodity trade. The prosperous market trade led to the formation of grain and oil trade in the Jianghuai region in modern Anhui. There are three rural bazaars in the west and south of Anhui province, and the distribution areas of towns and cities are mainly the trade of tobacco and other cash crops in the north of Anhui province.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：F329;K25
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 乌玮琪;农业种植结构变化及其效果评价研究[D];内蒙古农业大学;2012年
，本文编号：2218841
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