1944年中外记者团赴西北考察再审视——以蒋介石及国民党为中心的考察

发布时间：2018-09-10 10:18

【摘要】：蒋介石对1944年中外记者赴延安考察的应对并非当作一个孤立的个案处理,在面临美国政府要求向延安派遣军事人员之际,蒋介石权衡利弊,曾有以答应外籍记者赴延安考察要求而拒绝美国军事人员进驻延安的考虑。在豫湘桂战场失利的大背景下,蒋介石对中共在美舆论影响的高估及其对美国驻华记者与官员的不满,大大加深了蒋介石对此事的疑虑并予以强力关注。蒋之焦虑在于担心中共在美宣传使美国改变对华政策并与中共建立直接联系,使其不能独占美国对华军援。仅从舆论宣传视野考察,中共获得了极大成功,国民党遭遇极大挫折;若从国共双方对此事博弈的最终目的来看,中共的成功似乎尚留遗憾,国民党的失败也非完败:美国并未因中外记者对中共的正面宣传而改变其对华政策。
[Abstract]:Jiang Jieshi's response to the Chinese and foreign journalists' visit to Yenan in 1944 was not treated as an isolated case. In the face of the US government's request to send military personnel to Yan'an, Jiang Jieshi weighed the pros and cons. There has been a refusal to allow foreign journalists to visit Yenan and refuse to allow American military personnel to enter Yenan. Against the background of defeat on the battlefield in Henan, Hunan and Guangxi, Jiang Jieshi overestimated the influence of the Chinese Communists on public opinion in the United States and his dissatisfaction with American journalists and officials in China, which greatly deepened Jiang Jieshi's doubts about the matter and paid strong attention to it. Chiang's anxiety lies in his concern that the Chinese Communists' propaganda in the United States will cause the United States to change its China policy and establish direct ties with the Chinese Communists so that it cannot monopolize U.S. military aid to China. Only from the perspective of public opinion and propaganda, the CPC has achieved great success, while the KMT has encountered great setbacks. If judging from the ultimate purpose of the game between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party on this issue, the success of the CPC seems to have left behind regrets. Nor was the KMT's failure complete: the United States did not change its China policy because of the positive propaganda of Chinese and foreign journalists to the Chinese Communist Party.
【作者单位】：重庆工商大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：重庆市2013年度抗战大后方历史文化重大委托课题“中国共产党抗战大后方活动研究”,项目编号:2013ZDZX10
【分类号】：K265

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