沪杭甬铁路与近代浙江社会(1897-1937)

发布时间:2018-09-18 10:26
【摘要】:本文以清末民国时期的沪杭甬铁路为研究对象,通过对相关文献的梳理,从社会民生的角度,对这一时期铁路修建与浙江经济和社会发展的互动关系进行了探讨。沪杭甬铁路,是在英国怡和洋行、中国铁路总公司、江浙民众多方博弈与交锋的过程中修建的。从1907年开始,沪杭甬铁路各段陆续建成并通车。此后,沪杭甬铁路被用于运输货物和乘客,无论是货运量和货运收入,还是客运量和客运收入,基本呈逐年递增之势。沪杭甬铁路沿线物产丰富,运输货物主要以工艺品和农产品为主。根据二十世纪三十年代的统计,同全国主要铁路进行比较,沪杭甬铁路仅客车座位数和客运量两项排进前五,货车载重吨数、货运量、客车辆数的排名均较为落后。起初,沪杭甬铁路交由浙江铁路公司和江苏铁路公司分别管理。1930年,京沪、沪杭甬铁路管理局成立,两路事务遂统一办理。为提高服务水平,沪杭甬铁路开展了各类职工教育。沪杭甬铁路的开通,便利了浙江物产的运输,促进了沿线旅游业的繁荣,促使民众接受铁路这一新生事物并形成科学的时间观念。另外,沪杭甬铁路对浙江社会也造成了消极、负面的影响,如铁路交通事故、铁路犯罪等。全文共分为七部分,第一部分阐述了论文选题的背景与意义,并归纳了有关中国近代铁路史、铁路与社会发展变迁之间的关系、沪杭甬铁路的研究成果。第二部分讲述了沪杭甬铁路草约的签订始末,展现了沪杭甬铁路修建过程中的收回商办、集股自建、民众拒绝英款及分段修建的历史事件。第三部分介绍了沪杭甬铁路的运输设施——线路、沿线车站、工厂及车辆概况,并对沪杭甬铁路的客货运营各项状况进行了统计。第四部分探讨了近代中国铁路管理机构的变迁,梳理了沪杭甬铁路局的组织架构和沪杭甬铁路职工教育的具体开展情况。第五部分论述了沪杭甬铁路对近代浙江经济发展和社会文化变迁所产生的影响,认为沪杭甬铁路带动了浙江经济的成长,促进了周边地区旅游业的兴盛。铁路的建成,有助于沿线民众接纳新生事物,形成科学的时间观念。第六部分分析了沪杭甬铁路开通后引发的社会矛盾,包括铁路交通事故、铁路犯罪以及铁路工人受压迫而发起的反抗斗争,并讨论了沪杭甬铁路交通事故发生的原因和当局应对铁路犯罪的防范管理措施。第七部分回顾了沪杭甬铁路的历史沿革,总结了沪杭甬铁路对近代浙江社会产生的影响,认为其对浙江社会的影响,总体上是积极的、进步的。
[Abstract]:Taking the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway in the period of the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China as the research object, this paper discusses the interactive relationship between railway construction and the economic and social development of Zhejiang in this period by combing the relevant documents and from the perspective of social and people's livelihood. The Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway was built in the process of many games and confrontations among the people of China Railway Corporation, China Railway Corporation and Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. Since 1907, the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway has been completed and opened to traffic one after another. Since then, the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway has been used to transport goods and passengers, whether it is freight volume and freight revenue, or passenger transport and passenger revenue, the basic trend is increasing year by year. Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway along the rich products, mainly to transport goods handicrafts and agricultural products. According to the statistics of 1930's, compared with the main railway in China, Shanghai Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway ranks backward in the first five items of passenger train seat number and passenger volume, and the number of truck load tonnage, freight volume and passenger vehicle number are relatively backward. At first, the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway was managed by Zhejiang Railway Company and Jiangsu Railway Company respectively. In 1930, the Beijing-Shanghai, Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway Administration Bureau was established, and the two railway affairs were handled in a unified manner. In order to improve the level of service, the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway has carried out all kinds of staff education. The opening of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway facilitates the transportation of Zhejiang products, promotes the prosperity of tourism along the route, and urges the people to accept the railway as a new thing and form a scientific concept of time. In addition, the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway has also caused negative and negative effects on Zhejiang society, such as railway traffic accidents, railway crimes and so on. The paper is divided into seven parts. The first part describes the background and significance of the thesis, and summarizes the history of modern Chinese railway, the relationship between railway and social development, and the research results of Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway. The second part describes the beginning and end of the signing of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway contract, showing the historical events of recovering the commercial office in the course of the construction of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway, collecting shares for self-construction, and the public refusing to build the British funds and sections. The third part introduces the transportation facilities of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway line, stations, factories and vehicles along the line, and makes statistics on the passenger and cargo operation of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway. The fourth part discusses the changes of modern China's railway management institutions, combs the organizational structure of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway Administration and the concrete development of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway staff education. The fifth part discusses the impact of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway on the economic development and social and cultural changes in modern Zhejiang Province, and holds that the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway has promoted the economic growth of Zhejiang and promoted the prosperity of tourism in the surrounding areas. The construction of the railway will help the people along the line to accept the new things and form a scientific concept of time. The sixth part analyzes the social contradictions caused by the opening of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo Railway, including railway traffic accidents, railway crimes, and the rebel struggle initiated by railway workers because of their oppression. The causes of traffic accidents in Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway and the measures to prevent and manage railway crimes are discussed. The seventh part reviews the history of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway, summarizes the influence of the Shanghai-Hangzhou-Ningbo railway on the modern Zhejiang society, and holds that its influence on the Zhejiang society is positive and progressive in general.
【学位授予单位】:宁波大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:K25

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