警政与民国政府城市社会管理——以战后南京警察为视角的考察

发布时间：2018-10-22 19:18

【摘要】：抗日战争胜利以后,为有效推进城市复员建设,作为民国"警政楷模"的南京警察成为政府管理首都社会所依靠的重要力量。在南京市政府引导下,警政当局采取一系列措施:治安管理方面进行户口调查、打击犯罪活动、监管工商经营、开展禁烟运动;公共事业管理方面则采取治理城市卫生、整饬交通秩序、改良社会风气、建立消防机制等。上述举措在一定时期内改善了战后南京治安环境,强化了政府控制社会的能力。但是,在当时复杂的国内环境下,以警察机构参与管理城市具体事务势必存在着诸多局限性,即政府政治上的腐败制约了正常警政功能的发挥,造成警察管理社会的效果逐渐走向低效甚至失效,其成败得失值得认真总结。
[Abstract]:After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, in order to promote the construction of urban demobilization effectively, Nanjing Police, as a model of police and government in the Republic of China, became an important force for the government to manage the capital society. Under the guidance of the Nanjing Municipal Government, the police and government authorities have adopted a series of measures: conducting household registration surveys in the area of public security administration, cracking down on criminal activities, supervising industrial and commercial operations, and launching a campaign to ban smoking. Straighten traffic order, improve social atmosphere, establish fire protection mechanism, etc. These measures improved the post-war Nanjing public security environment and strengthened the government's ability to control the society. However, in the complicated domestic environment at that time, the participation of police agencies in managing the specific affairs of the city is bound to have many limitations, that is, corruption in government politics restricts the function of normal police administration. As a result, the effect of police management becomes inefficient or even ineffective, and its success or failure is worth summing up.
【作者单位】：南京大学中华民国史研究中心;
【基金】：江苏省普通高校博士研究生创新项目《秩序重建与社会治理——民国南京警政研究(1945—1949)》(批准号:CXZZ12_0024)
【分类号】：K258;D693.65

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