京汉铁路早期经营研究（1895-1912年）

发布时间：2018-10-23 07:13

【摘要】：京汉铁路是晚清政府为图自强、实现近代化而兴筑的一条纵贯南北的大干线。甲午战后,清政府已充分认识到铁路对于国家军事、经济的重要性。在经历了十九世纪七、八十年代有关铁路问题的论争后,对日战争的惨败已让国人认识到铁路对于国家近代化具有不可忽视的作用,京汉铁路即在此时应运修筑。清末有系统地修筑铁路由此而始。京汉铁路的修建开晚清大规模筑路之先河,成为日后铁路修筑借款模式之嚆矢。京汉铁路的经营状况在晚清时期较为良好,成为除京奉铁路外另一条利润丰厚的铁路,其线路维护、路员管理等方面也日臻完善。京汉路在晚清的成功运营在一定程度上降低了清政府借债筑路的利权丧失程度,给沿线经济社会发展变迁注入了新的活力。虽然京汉铁路并没有实现清政府富国强民的愿望,其经营也存在着一些问题,但是京汉铁路的运营方法、经营理念对于当时铁路经营仍具有积极意义,其中一些珍贵的启示也值得借鉴于今。本文主要探讨甲午战后清政府主动兴修的第一条纵贯南北的大铁路——京汉铁路的早期经营业务(1895-1912年)。试图在铺陈晚清铁路发展的轨迹后,分析该路在营业收支、路务管理等方面的运营情况。反思甲午战后,国势日衰的背景下,京汉铁路在对于清末社会近代化进程发挥了怎样的作用。
[Abstract]:The Beijing-Han Railway is a trunk line running north and south in late Qing Dynasty, which aims to strengthen itself and realize modernization. After the war of 1894, the Qing government fully realized the importance of railway to the national military and economy. After the controversy about railway in the 1870s and 1980s, the tragic defeat of the war against Japan has made the people realize that the railway plays an important role in the modernization of the country, and the Beijing-Han railway should be built at this time. The systematic construction of railways began in the late Qing Dynasty. The construction of Beijing-Han Railway was the first to build a large-scale road in the late Qing Dynasty, which became the loan mode of railway construction in the future. The operating condition of the Beijing-Han Railway was better in the late Qing Dynasty, and it became another profitable railway in addition to the Beijing-Bong Railway, and its line maintenance, road staff management and so on were also becoming more and more perfect. The successful operation of Jinghan Road in the late Qing Dynasty reduced to a certain extent the loss of the interest and right of the Qing government to borrow and build the road, and injected new vitality into the economic and social development and vicissitude along the route. Although the Beijing-Han Railway did not realize the Qing government's desire to become rich and strong, and there were still some problems in its operation, the operation method and management concept of the Beijing-Han Railway were still of positive significance to the railway operation at that time. Some of these valuable revelations are also worth learning from today. This paper mainly discusses the early operation of the Beijing-Han Railway, the first major railway that was built by the Qing government in the period of 1895 to 1912. After laying out the track of railway development in late Qing Dynasty, this paper analyzes the operating situation of the road in the aspects of revenue and expenditure, road management and so on. Reflecting on the background of the decline of state power after the war of Jiawu, Beijing-Han Railway played a role in the process of modernization of society in the late Qing Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：F532.9;K252

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