国民政府江西第五次剿共研究
发布时间：2018-11-03 13:37
【摘要】：20世纪30年代初国共两党在政治、经济、文化、军事等方面进行着一场生死的搏杀,其中双方较量的形式主要表现为“围剿”与反“围剿”。国民政府提出“攘外必先安内”的政策,对中共领导的苏区发动了大规模的军事“围剿”。江西省曾是国共武装冲突的主战场,1930年至1933年国共在江西进行了五次较量,特别是1933年10月,蒋介石督率100万军队对中共领导的苏区发动了第五次“围剿”,其中直接用于“围剿”江西的兵力达50万以上,这是十年内战期间国共双方规模最大的一次决战。国民政府江西第五次剿共战役无论是从作战规模还是持续时间来讲都是空前的,最后的结果是国民党军队占领江西苏区,中央红军被迫退出中央苏区,实行战略转移。但国共双方都不是胜利者,国民党费了九牛二虎之力,最终把中共赶出了中央苏区,但没有彻底消灭红军。中央红军固然在第五次反“围剿”中损失惨重,被迫长征,最后却顺利到达陕北,保存了基干力量。国共双方人员在十年内战中大批地伤亡,最终是使中国的抗战力量和中华民族的利益受到损失。日本乘此机会逐步蚕食华北,中国的民族危机不断加深。 30年代初国民政府把中共看成是心腹之患,在其制定的许多政策几乎都与“围剿”苏区和红军有关。国民政府曾提出“攘外必先安内”的政策,连续发动对中共和苏区的“围剿”。国民政府在江西第五次剿共战役胜利后,把政策的重点转向做好对日作战的准备。红军在江西战场的失败,被迫实行战略转移,中国革命的重心由华南一带转移到西北,这对中国革命产生了重大影响。可以说30年代国民政府江西第五次剿共战役的历史与中国近代史上许多重大历史事件有很大的关联,在中国近现代史和中国革命史中占有重要的地位。 本文重点研究的问题有： 首先对国民政府江西第五次剿共战役前的国际环境做了比较详细地阐述。从国际化的视角解读了当时国民政府与德国、英美、日本、苏联等国的外交关系,作者认为,1933年国民政府面临的国际形势总体来说对于国内的剿共战争十分有利,使得国民政府能够集中力量对付中共及红军。 其次对国民政府的剿共方针及其演变作了比较详细地考察。国民政府欲达到消灭中共的目的,先实行清党运动,30年代初又提出“攘外必先安内”的方针,集中力量对中共领导的苏区和红军进行“围剿”。在江西战场连续四次剿共失利后,国民政府汲取以往的教训,开始实行新的“三分军事、七分政治”军政方略。 最后,本文从中共、国民党和共产国际三者的角度对中央苏区第五次反“围剿”的失败的原因进行了重点的探讨。作者认为,中共在第五次反“围剿”过程中犯了一系列的错误是其失利的根本原因。国民党在第五次剿共战役前做了充分的准备是其取胜的重要原因,而共产国际的错误指导则负有不可推卸的责任。
[Abstract]:In the early 1930s, the Communist Party of China fought a life-and-death fight in politics, economy, culture, military and so on. "enand suppression" AND COUNTRIES "enand suppression". The National Government puts forward "The outside must be in the first place." The policy of the Communist Party led the Soviet region to launch a large-scale military "enand suppression". Jiangxi Province was the main battlefield of the Kuomintang armed conflict. In the 1930s and 1933, the Kuomintang conducted five competitions in Jiangxi, especially in October 1933, and Chiang Kai-shek's supervision rate of 1 million troops launched the fifth in the Soviet area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. "enand suppression" in which it is directly used for "enand suppression" Jiangxi has a military strength of more than 500,000, which is the largest single-time war between the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang during the ten-year civil war. The final result is that the Kuomintang army occupied Jiangxi Soviet region, and the Central Red Army was forced to withdraw from the central Soviet region and carry out the strategic shift. But the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang are not the winners, and the Kuomintang has spent nine rounds of power, and finally sent the Communist Party out of the Central Soviet Area, but did not completely destroy the Red Army. It is true that the Red Army of the Central Committee is at the fifth time "enand suppression" China suffered heavy losses, was forced to the Long March, and finally successfully arrived in northern Shaanxi Province, preserved the basic dry strength. A large number of casualties in the 10-year civil war have resulted in the loss of Chinese anti-Japanese power and the interests of the Chinese nation. Japan takes this opportunity to step down to North China, and China's national crisis has deepened. At the beginning of the 1930 's, the National Government saw the CPC as the cause of the heart and abdomen, and many policies formulated in the Communist Party of China Almost all the same Suppression and Suppression of the Soviet Area and Red The army is concerned. The country's civil affairs The government has put forward "the outside of the city" First of all, the policy will be launched continuously on the Communist Party of China And Su's. "After the victory of the Fifth Revolutionary War of Jiangxi Province, the National Government shifted the focus of the policy to the daily operation The Red Army's defeat in the battlefield of Jiangxi Province has been forced to carry out the strategic shift. The center of gravity of the Chinese revolution is transferred from the south China to the northwest, which has made a heavy contribution to the Chinese revolution It can be said that the history of the fifth Sino-Japanese war in Jiangxi in the 1930' s and the history of many major historical events in the history of China's revolution have great relevance, and it occupies an important position in the modern history of China and the history of Chinese revolution The status of this article. The problem of point research is: First of all, to the international community of the first time of the Communist Party of Jiangxi in Jiangxi Province From the perspective of internationalization, the author holds that the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933 is generally concerned with the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933. The civil war in China is very advantageous, so that the National Government can concentrate on dealing with the Communist Party and the Red Army, and secondly to the Kuomintang government. The policy and its evolution have been studied in detail. The National Government wants to achieve the goal of eliminating the Communist Party. Carry out the Party's movement first, At the beginning of the 1930 's, the policy, set, mid-force pair medium The co-led Soviet region and the Red Army conducted the campaign of" suppression and suppression ". After four consecutive defeats in the battlefields of Jiangxi Province, the national The government has learned the lessons of the past. new A general plan of military affairs in the three-part military and military affairs. In the end, the article comes from the Communist Party of China and its citizens. Party and Communist Party The fifth anniversary of the Central Soviet Area by the angle of the international three Reasons for the defeat of anti-suppression and suppression I've got a focus. According to the author, the Communist Party of China in the fifth counter-campaign A series of mistakes in the course were the root cause of their defeat. The Kuomintang made full preparations before the Fifth Revolutionary War, which was an important reason for its success.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K263.4
本文编号：2307945
[Abstract]:In the early 1930s, the Communist Party of China fought a life-and-death fight in politics, economy, culture, military and so on. "enand suppression" AND COUNTRIES "enand suppression". The National Government puts forward "The outside must be in the first place." The policy of the Communist Party led the Soviet region to launch a large-scale military "enand suppression". Jiangxi Province was the main battlefield of the Kuomintang armed conflict. In the 1930s and 1933, the Kuomintang conducted five competitions in Jiangxi, especially in October 1933, and Chiang Kai-shek's supervision rate of 1 million troops launched the fifth in the Soviet area under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. "enand suppression" in which it is directly used for "enand suppression" Jiangxi has a military strength of more than 500,000, which is the largest single-time war between the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang during the ten-year civil war. The final result is that the Kuomintang army occupied Jiangxi Soviet region, and the Central Red Army was forced to withdraw from the central Soviet region and carry out the strategic shift. But the Kuomintang and the Kuomintang are not the winners, and the Kuomintang has spent nine rounds of power, and finally sent the Communist Party out of the Central Soviet Area, but did not completely destroy the Red Army. It is true that the Red Army of the Central Committee is at the fifth time "enand suppression" China suffered heavy losses, was forced to the Long March, and finally successfully arrived in northern Shaanxi Province, preserved the basic dry strength. A large number of casualties in the 10-year civil war have resulted in the loss of Chinese anti-Japanese power and the interests of the Chinese nation. Japan takes this opportunity to step down to North China, and China's national crisis has deepened. At the beginning of the 1930 's, the National Government saw the CPC as the cause of the heart and abdomen, and many policies formulated in the Communist Party of China Almost all the same Suppression and Suppression of the Soviet Area and Red The army is concerned. The country's civil affairs The government has put forward "the outside of the city" First of all, the policy will be launched continuously on the Communist Party of China And Su's. "After the victory of the Fifth Revolutionary War of Jiangxi Province, the National Government shifted the focus of the policy to the daily operation The Red Army's defeat in the battlefield of Jiangxi Province has been forced to carry out the strategic shift. The center of gravity of the Chinese revolution is transferred from the south China to the northwest, which has made a heavy contribution to the Chinese revolution It can be said that the history of the fifth Sino-Japanese war in Jiangxi in the 1930' s and the history of many major historical events in the history of China's revolution have great relevance, and it occupies an important position in the modern history of China and the history of Chinese revolution The status of this article. The problem of point research is: First of all, to the international community of the first time of the Communist Party of Jiangxi in Jiangxi Province From the perspective of internationalization, the author holds that the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933 is generally concerned with the international situation faced by the National Government in 1933. The civil war in China is very advantageous, so that the National Government can concentrate on dealing with the Communist Party and the Red Army, and secondly to the Kuomintang government. The policy and its evolution have been studied in detail. The National Government wants to achieve the goal of eliminating the Communist Party. Carry out the Party's movement first, At the beginning of the 1930 's, the policy, set, mid-force pair medium The co-led Soviet region and the Red Army conducted the campaign of" suppression and suppression ". After four consecutive defeats in the battlefields of Jiangxi Province, the national The government has learned the lessons of the past. new A general plan of military affairs in the three-part military and military affairs. In the end, the article comes from the Communist Party of China and its citizens. Party and Communist Party The fifth anniversary of the Central Soviet Area by the angle of the international three Reasons for the defeat of anti-suppression and suppression I've got a focus. According to the author, the Communist Party of China in the fifth counter-campaign A series of mistakes in the course were the root cause of their defeat. The Kuomintang made full preparations before the Fifth Revolutionary War, which was an important reason for its success.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K263.4
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