国共政争与国民党上海护工队的兴亡

发布时间：2018-11-05 14:57

【摘要】：抗战胜利后,国民党上海市党部逐渐建立起由工运党团、工人福利委员会和护工队组成的,旨在控制上海工人运动的系统。其中,护工队的设计初衷是一支"信仰主义拥护领袖",能完全听从国民党指挥,执行所谓"保障生产的秩序"、"肃清共产党"的工人武装队伍。但是,国民党政府由于不能真正维护工人群众的根本利益,既无力挽救其濒临崩溃的经济危机,又无法遏制党内各派无视工人利益的权利之争,因而难以获得众多护工队员的信任和支持,帮助它巩固摇摇欲坠的统治秩序。中共则从工人利益出发,通过发动工人的经济斗争,改善其生活条件和待遇,进而获得工人群众的拥护。上海地下党不仅成功地渗透、利用和瓦解护工队,且直接组织了"以工人为主体的武装自卫组织"人民保安队,配合解放军顺利解放和接管上海。国共两党对工人利益尊重与否,不仅决定护工队内国共影响力的此消彼长,一定程度上也影响着上海新旧政权的更替。
[Abstract]:After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the KMT Shanghai Municipal Party Department gradually established a system of controlling the Shanghai Workers' Movement, which was composed of labor movement groups, workers' welfare committees and nursing teams. Among them, the original intention of the nursing team was to "support the leader of faithism", to obey the command of the Kuomintang, to carry out the so-called "order of production", and to "eliminate the armed ranks of the workers of the Communist Party." However, because the Kuomintang government is unable to truly safeguard the fundamental interests of the workers, it is unable to save the economic crisis which is on the verge of collapse, nor can it contain the struggle for the rights of the various factions within the party that ignore the interests of the workers. Therefore, it is difficult to win the trust and support of many nursing workers to help it consolidate its shaky order. The Communist Party of China, on the other hand, starts from the workers' interests and improves their living conditions and treatment by starting the economic struggle of the workers, thus gaining the support of the masses of workers. The Shanghai Underground Party not only successfully infiltrated, utilized and disintegrated the nursing teams, but also directly organized the people's Security Corps of the armed self-defense organization with workers as the main body, and cooperated with the PLA in the smooth liberation and takeover of Shanghai. Whether the Kuomintang and the Communist Party respect the workers' interests not only determines the change of the influence of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party in the nursing team, but also affects the replacement of the old and new regimes in Shanghai to a certain extent.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院近代史研究所;
【分类号】：K266

【参考文献】