南京国民政府废两改元政策研究

发布时间：2018-11-18 06:56

【摘要】：废两改元是中国金融近代化进程中一个重要事件,它结束了中国近代以来纷乱繁杂的货币状况,取消了长久以来严重阻碍经济发展的银两制度,在全国范围内发行了统一的银元货币,使中国的货币由实物货币中的称量货币进化为记数货币;同时在20世纪30年代初期的国内国际环境的共同影响下,废两改元政策的实行也是南京国民政府一项逐步加强政权统治、垄断金融业的的必要步骤。本文以南京国民政府的废两改元政策为研究对象,从实行废两改元的长期性、短期性等背景因素入手,探讨废两改元政策对于南京国民政府政权稳固的必要性。在分析废两改元政策的实行与中国经济状况的内在联系的同时,对废两改元政策与国民政府谋求政权稳固这一目的进行探讨,对于这一政策实施在国民政府恢复经济、加强金融垄断、保障金融安全等方面的作用进行具体的研究与分析。文章的主体部分分为四个部分来进行阐述: 第一部分,分析废两改元政策的背景,阐述废两改元是在中国自近代以来就出现的货币状况混乱的长期性因素和世界市场银价下跌与南京国民政府统治危机的短期性因素共同影响下的产物。第二部分,阐述近代以来在废两改元前进行的一系列货币改革探索。第三部分,分析废两改元实行的直接契机——洋厘变化,以及具体过程,即在上海直至全国的推行情况。第四部分,分析废两改元对南京国民政府政权稳定的作用。阐述废两改元对于南京国民政府政权统治的作用,包括金融垄断、促进经济恢复、维护金融安全三个方面,最后指出废两改元由于保留了银本位制度而带来的不彻底性。结语部分对上述论述予以总结,指出废两改元是中国金融近代化的必要步骤。
[Abstract]:The abolition of the two forms of reform is an important event in the process of China's financial modernization. It has put an end to China's complicated monetary situation since modern times, and abolished the silver and silver systems, which have been a serious obstacle to economic development for a long time. A unified silver dollar currency was issued in the whole country, so that the Chinese currency evolved from the weighing currency in the real currency to the nominal currency. At the same time, under the common influence of the domestic and international environment in the early 1930s, the implementation of the policy of abolishing the two reforms is also a necessary step for the Nanjing National Government to gradually strengthen political power and monopolize the financial industry. This paper takes the policy of abolishing the two reforms of the Nanjing National Government as the object of study, starting with the background factors such as the long-term and short-term nature of implementing the abolition of the two reforms, and discusses the necessity of the policy of abolishing the two reforms to the regime of the Nanjing National Government. This paper analyzes the internal relationship between the implementation of the policy of abolishing the two reforms and the economic situation of China, and probes into the purpose of the policy of abolishing the two reforms and the national government seeking stability of political power, and the implementation of this policy is carried out in the restoration of the economy of the National Government. Strengthen financial monopoly, ensure financial security and other aspects of specific research and analysis. The main part of the article is divided into four parts to elaborate: the first part, the background of the policy of abolishing the two reforms, This paper expounds that the abolition of the two forms of the Yuan is the product of the long-term factors of currency chaos that have appeared in China since modern times and the influence of the fall of silver price in the world market and the short-term factors of the Nanjing National Government's ruling crisis. The second part expounds a series of monetary reforms before the abolition of the Yuan Dynasty. In the third part, the author analyzes the direct opportunity of implementing the reform of the "waste" and "change", as well as the concrete process, that is, the implementation in Shanghai and all over the country. The fourth part analyzes the effect of the abolition of the two reforms on the stability of the Nanjing National Government. This paper expounds the functions of the abolition of the two reforms to the ruling power of the Nanjing National Government, including the financial monopoly, the promotion of economic recovery, and the maintenance of financial security, and finally points out that the abolition of the two reforms has brought about inthoroughness due to the retention of the silver standard system. The conclusion part summarizes the above exposition and points out that abolishing the two reforms is a necessary step in the modernization of Chinese finance.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K263

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