抗战时期陕甘宁边区优抚安置问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 08:04

【摘要】：抗日战争是中华民族的生死存亡之战，战争的最直接参与者就是抗日军人，如果没有人民子弟兵的积极参与和家属的支持，很难想象新生的政权能够持久发展下去。特别是抗日战争时期各个根据地所处的战事环境和区域历史基础不尽相同，中共中央并未制定统一的优抚安置政策和措施，而陕甘宁边区作为当时中共中央的所在地和抗日根据地的模范，，其所实行的政策在边区实践成功后进行了推广，各个根据地优抚安置机构的设置和政策的制定都是以边区为蓝本的，因而时至今日抗战时期陕甘宁边区优抚安置制度仍然具有重要的研究意义和研究价值。针对军人这一特殊群体实施的优抚安置制度是优待、抚恤、安置三种待遇的总称，既是国家军事制度的重要组成部分，也是一项特殊的社会保障。陕甘宁边区为了激励抗战将士士气，提升抗日部队战斗力，维护后方社会稳定，出台了一系列旨在消除军人后顾之忧和家属生活之虑的优抚安置政策，主要采取了包括优待军人、保护军婚、抚恤残废、退伍安置和优待抗工属在内的优抚安置举措。这些举措的实行维持了抗工属和退伍军人的基本生活水平，促进了边区社会的稳定；调动了群众参军参战的积极性，巩固了边区部队；极大地鼓舞了参战将士，提升了军队战斗力。这一时期的优抚安置工作经过不断探索和发展，所形成的优抚安置工作的内容和基本原则，为日后我国优抚安置制度的形成与发展打下了坚实的基础，对争取抗日战争的全面胜利起到了积极作用。
[Abstract]:The War of Resistance against Japan is a life-or-death war for the Chinese nation. The most direct participant in the war is the anti-Japanese servicemen. Without the active participation of the army of the people and the support of their families, it is difficult to imagine that the new regime can develop for a long time. In particular, during the War of Resistance against Japan, the war environment and the regional historical basis of each base area were different, and the CPC Central Committee did not formulate a unified policy and measures for preferential management and resettlement. As the seat of the CPC Central Committee and the model of the anti-Japanese base area at that time, the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region adopted a policy that was popularized after successful practice in the Border region. The establishment and policy formulation of the superior and preferential resettlement institutions in each base area are based on the border area, so it is still of great significance and research value to study the system of superior and well-managed resettlement in the Shensi-Kansu-Ningxia Border region during the War of Resistance against Japan today. The system of preferential care and placement for this special group of soldiers is a general term of preferential treatment, pension and resettlement, which is not only an important part of the national military system, but also a special social security. In the Shensi-Kansu-Ningsia Border region, in order to boost the morale of the officers and men in the Anti-Japanese War, to enhance the combat effectiveness of the anti-Japanese troops, and to maintain social stability in the rear, a series of preferential policies aimed at eliminating the worries of the servicemen and the life of their families were introduced. The main measures include preferential treatment for servicemen, protection of military marriage, pension for the disabled, veterans' placement and preferential treatment for resistance workers. The implementation of these measures maintained the basic living standards of anti-workers' families and veterans, promoted social stability in the border areas, mobilized the enthusiasm of the masses to join the armed forces and joined the war, and consolidated the troops of the border areas. It greatly encouraged the soldiers and men in the war and enhanced the combat effectiveness of the army. After continuous exploration and development, the contents and basic principles of the preferential care and resettlement work formed in this period laid a solid foundation for the formation and development of the system of preferential care and resettlement in China in the future. It played a positive role in fighting for the overall victory of the War of Resistance against Japan.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D231;K265

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