李鸿章教案办理研究

发布时间：2018-12-13 06:22

【摘要】：李鸿章(1823—1901),字渐甫,安徽合肥人,晚清重臣。近代以来,随着西方列强不断加强对中国的侵入,近代中国与西方的外交也不断加强。其中,李鸿章在近代中国外交在扮演着重要的角色。外交活动多种多样,教案则是近代外交中非常重要的组成部分。在李鸿章办理的外交事务中,教案办理是其中重要的内容。在李鸿章的政治生涯中,以甲午战争为界,可以分为两个不同的时期,而就其教案办理活动来说,以此为界,也具有显著的差异性。在甲午战前,李鸿章主要办理了南京还堂案、蚕池口教堂迁移案、川黔教案、天津教案、滇案、沿江教案以及东北地区相关教案等,在教案办理的过程中,形成了其独特的原则和方法,包括重国际法与痞子手段并用;速结与尽量拖延相结合;持平办理与对清廷官员的维护;充分发挥地方官的作用;试图与罗马教廷联系以减少阻力;以条约作为教案办理的重要依据;注重国体、大局以及民心;重视证据的作用。甲午战后,主要办理了古田教案、衢州教案、北方教案、广东教案等。在这一时期的教案办理中,所采用的原则和方法主要有:教案从速办理、严惩清廷官员以求和局、发挥西方国家的调停作用、将"势"放在重要位置、为西方传教士立碑成为重要手段。在不同的历史时期,李鸿章的教案办理既具有相同的特征,也具有不同之处,通过对两个时期教案办理的比较,可以对李鸿章的教案办理有进一步认识,并有助于深化对李鸿章个人形象和晚清外交的认识。总之,教案办理不仅是李鸿章外交生涯的重要组成部分,更是整个晚清外交的一部分,对其进行深入研究,可以帮助我们对李鸿章外交手段和思想,以及整个晚清的外交有更进一步的认识。
[Abstract]:Li Hongzhang (1823-1901), the word gradually Fu, Anhui Hefei, late Qing Dynasty officials. Since modern times, with the Western powers constantly strengthening the invasion of China, modern China and Western diplomacy has been strengthened. Among them, Li Hongzhang plays an important role in modern Chinese diplomacy. Diplomatic activities varied, teaching plan is a very important part of modern diplomacy. In the foreign affairs handled by Li Hongzhang, teaching case handling is an important content. In Li Hongzhang's political career, taking the Sino-Japanese War as the boundary, it can be divided into two different periods. Before the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, Li Hongzhang mainly handled the Nanjing Huitang case, the Silkworm mouth Church relocation case, the Sichuan and Guizhou teaching case, the Tianjin teaching case, the Yunnan case, the teaching case along the Yangtze River, and the related teaching plans in the Northeast region, and so on. In the course of handling the teaching plans, Formed its unique principles and methods, including the use of international law and ruffian means; The combination of quickness and delay; balanced management and maintenance of the officials of the Qing court; giving full play to the role of local officials; trying to contact the Holy see to reduce resistance; taking treaties as an important basis for the handling of teaching plans; Pay attention to the national system, the overall situation and the popular sentiment; attach importance to the role of evidence. After the war, he mainly handled the Gutian, Quzhou, Northern, Guangdong, etc. During this period, the principles and methods used in the handling of teaching plans were as follows: handling teaching cases promptly, severely punishing officials of the Qing government to seek peace, giving play to the mediation role of western countries, and placing "power" in an important position. It has become an important means for Western missionaries to erect steles. In different historical periods, Li Hongzhang's teaching plan handling has the same characteristics as well as the differences. By comparing the two periods' teaching plan handling, we can have a further understanding of Li Hongzhang's teaching plan handling. It also helps to deepen the understanding of Li Hongzhang's personal image and diplomacy in the late Qing Dynasty. In short, teaching plan handling is not only an important part of Li Hongzhang's diplomatic career, but also a part of the diplomacy of the whole late Qing Dynasty. In-depth study of it can help us to understand the diplomatic means and ideas of Li Hongzhang. And the diplomacy of the late Qing Dynasty has a better understanding.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K252

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