皖南事变严重损失的原因分析
发布时间：2018-12-15 17:58
【摘要】： 研究新四军的征战史,皖南事变是一个不容回避的问题,这是史学界公认的一个事实。皖南事变是我党建军历史上少有的可以用惨败来形容的事件。皖南事变问题的研究自十一届三中全会以后开始起步并逐渐深入。30多年的研究已经取得相当大的成果,对皖南事变发生的原因、经过和结果都进行了详细的考证,取得了很多的成果,皖南事变越来越接近于史实。不同于过去的把皖南事变严重损失归于某人或者某个团体的研究,通过对当时党中央和新四军应对皖南事变的行为或者方法的研究,从党的内部(包括新四军)的行为决策角度来研究造成皖南事变严重损失的原因。首先,应当承认皖南事变是不可避免的,从当时的国际情况来说,日本的诱降,英美的拉拢,苏联的支援,都让蒋介石感到现在的国际环境是有利于他反共的。国内形势直接导致了事变的发生,蒋介石在华北的失败使其把重要力量都集中在了皖南新四军,而共产党的发展与壮大让蒋介石感到恐惧。根本原因就是阶级矛盾,两个阶级的对抗是不可避免的。 关于皖南事变严重损失的原因应该是两个方面的:国民党方面和共产党方面。我党的内部又有两个方面:从党中央来说,党对时局的一些错误认识,导致了党和新四军对国民党的反共之心没有正确的认识,还有就是党没有解决好项英和叶挺的矛盾,不利于新四军的指挥。就新四军方面来说,北移决策的犹豫不定让国民党的包围布置有了充裕的时间,北移选择路线的危险性让新四军直接走进了敌人的包围圈,北移过程中指挥的失误让新四军最终损失惨重。 皖南事变的失败给了我党沉重的教训。启示我们要在维护中央的权威与地方的积极性的同时,正确处理中央与地方的关系,这是是十分必要的。另外,对当代我党领导的社会主义建设来说,我们应当建立健全党对突发事件的应对机制。必须树立忧患意识,并制定相应的应对方案,重要的是要提高领导者的应变能力。
[Abstract]:To study the history of the New fourth Army, the Southern Anhui incident is an unavoidable problem, which is recognized as a fact in the field of history. The Southern Anhui incident is a rare event in the history of our Party's army building that can be described as tragic defeat. Since the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the research on the issue of the incident in southern Anhui has started and gradually deepened. Over 30 years of research, considerable achievements have been made. The reasons, the process and the results of the incident in southern Anhui have been thoroughly studied. A lot of achievements have been made, and the Southern Anhui incident is getting closer and closer to the historical facts. Different from the past research on attributing serious losses to someone or a certain group in the Southern Anhui incident, through the study of the behavior or methods of the CPC Central Committee and the New fourth Army to deal with the Southern Anhui incident at that time, This paper studies the causes of the serious loss of the Southern Anhui incident from the angle of the behavior decision-making within the Party (including the New fourth Army). First of all, it should be admitted that the Southern Anhui incident was inevitable. From the international situation at that time, the inducement of Japan, the connivance of Britain and the United States, and the support of the Soviet Union, all made Jiang Jieshi feel that the current international environment was favourable to his anti-Communism. The domestic situation directly led to the incident, Jiang Jieshi's failure in North China made him concentrate his important forces on the New fourth Army in southern Anhui, while the development and growth of the Communist Party made Jiang Jieshi feel frightened. The root cause is class contradiction, and confrontation between the two classes is inevitable. There should be two reasons for the serious loss of the Southern Anhui incident: the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. There are also two aspects of our Party: from the party Central Committee, some of the Party's misunderstandings of the current situation have led to a lack of correct understanding between the Party and the New fourth Army of the Kuomintang's anti-Communist mentality, and the failure of the Party to solve the contradictions between Xiang Ying and Ye Ting. Against the command of the New fourth Army. As far as the New fourth Army is concerned, the hesitancy in the decision to move northward has given the Kuomintang ample time to arrange its encirclement, and the danger of moving northward in choosing a route has allowed the New fourth Army to enter the enemy's encirclement directly. The mistakes in command during the northward movement resulted in heavy losses for the New fourth Army. The failure of the Southern Anhui incident taught our Party a heavy lesson. It is very necessary for us to correctly handle the relationship between the central and local governments while safeguarding the authority of the central authorities and the initiative of the localities. In addition, for the socialist construction led by our Party, we should establish and perfect the Party's response mechanism to emergencies. We must set up a sense of suffering and formulate corresponding coping plans. It is important to improve the ability of leaders to cope with emergencies.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265
本文编号：2381061
[Abstract]:To study the history of the New fourth Army, the Southern Anhui incident is an unavoidable problem, which is recognized as a fact in the field of history. The Southern Anhui incident is a rare event in the history of our Party's army building that can be described as tragic defeat. Since the third Plenary session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the research on the issue of the incident in southern Anhui has started and gradually deepened. Over 30 years of research, considerable achievements have been made. The reasons, the process and the results of the incident in southern Anhui have been thoroughly studied. A lot of achievements have been made, and the Southern Anhui incident is getting closer and closer to the historical facts. Different from the past research on attributing serious losses to someone or a certain group in the Southern Anhui incident, through the study of the behavior or methods of the CPC Central Committee and the New fourth Army to deal with the Southern Anhui incident at that time, This paper studies the causes of the serious loss of the Southern Anhui incident from the angle of the behavior decision-making within the Party (including the New fourth Army). First of all, it should be admitted that the Southern Anhui incident was inevitable. From the international situation at that time, the inducement of Japan, the connivance of Britain and the United States, and the support of the Soviet Union, all made Jiang Jieshi feel that the current international environment was favourable to his anti-Communism. The domestic situation directly led to the incident, Jiang Jieshi's failure in North China made him concentrate his important forces on the New fourth Army in southern Anhui, while the development and growth of the Communist Party made Jiang Jieshi feel frightened. The root cause is class contradiction, and confrontation between the two classes is inevitable. There should be two reasons for the serious loss of the Southern Anhui incident: the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. There are also two aspects of our Party: from the party Central Committee, some of the Party's misunderstandings of the current situation have led to a lack of correct understanding between the Party and the New fourth Army of the Kuomintang's anti-Communist mentality, and the failure of the Party to solve the contradictions between Xiang Ying and Ye Ting. Against the command of the New fourth Army. As far as the New fourth Army is concerned, the hesitancy in the decision to move northward has given the Kuomintang ample time to arrange its encirclement, and the danger of moving northward in choosing a route has allowed the New fourth Army to enter the enemy's encirclement directly. The mistakes in command during the northward movement resulted in heavy losses for the New fourth Army. The failure of the Southern Anhui incident taught our Party a heavy lesson. It is very necessary for us to correctly handle the relationship between the central and local governments while safeguarding the authority of the central authorities and the initiative of the localities. In addition, for the socialist construction led by our Party, we should establish and perfect the Party's response mechanism to emergencies. We must set up a sense of suffering and formulate corresponding coping plans. It is important to improve the ability of leaders to cope with emergencies.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265
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