抗美援朝时期的爱国公约运动研究
发布时间：2018-12-17 20:03
【摘要】：爱国公约运动是中国共产党和我国人民的一个伟大创举。就爱国公约运动的具体内容来说,立足于新中国成立初期政治、经济形势发展的需要,广大人民曾订立过一系列的生产、支前、拥军、拥政等爱国公约,这些爱国公约既是人民群众爱国热情和智慧的体现,也是党和政府的意志向普通民众渗透的载体和纽带。它以人民群众喜闻乐见的形式,结合新中国成立初期党的中心任务为内容,极大地提高了广大群众的思想觉悟和认识,保证了党和群众在思想和行动上的一致性,巩固了党的执政根基,从而为新中国的政治和社会发展打下了坚实的基础。 爱国公约运动既是中国共产党组织群众和教育群众的一种行之有效的政治动员模式,也是人民群众自发创造的一种自我教育方式。抗美援朝战争决策的提出使得爱国公约运动这一特殊的政治动员模式又再次激发起民众投身于国家的中心任务的热情。由于新中国在经济政策方面施行的是保护民族工商业和劳资两利的政策,务实的民族手工业者便首先行动起来,以签订和履行爱国公约的形式表明自己拥护新政权和支援抗美援朝战争的决心。在民族工商业者的示范和带动下,全国各行各业的劳动者都结合本行业特点制定出了符合自身实际的爱国公约。在全国范围内,以增产节约、爱国捐献、拥军优抚为内容的爱国公约运动轰轰烈烈地开展了起来,不仅为战争的胜利积累了物质储备,同时群众的爱国热情和行动为奋战在一线的志愿军战士提供了永不枯竭的力量源泉。 伴随着抗美援朝战争的结束,爱国公约运动也因其历史使命的完成而退出了历史舞台,但作为一种行之有效的政治动员模式,爱国公约运动的成功开展对于支援抗美援朝战争与国内各方面建设所起的作用是功不可没的。首先,增产节约和爱国捐献运动为战争的开展积累了大量的物资储备,很大程度上弥补了国家财政支出的不足,有力地在物质上支援了战争。其次,拥军优抚运动的成功开展,极大地鼓舞了前线志愿军将士的斗志,使得他们以饱满的热情和超人的毅力投入战争,从思想上确保了战争中军心和民心的稳定。不仅如此,在制定和执行爱国公约的过程中,党领导人民不仅总结和创造了很多好的办法和机制,同时还拓展和完善了原有的组织机构和组织资源。这些举措的施行不仅有力地推动了战争的胜利,而且增强了民众对于新政权的认同和支持力度,强化了人民的主人翁意识和当家做主的历史责任感,通过对爱国公约运动中相关的史实进行系统和全面的梳理,我们不仅能够以一个全新的视角认识爱国公约运动的发展逻辑,同时也可以对今天和平建设时期政治生活中的制度设计有启示意义。
[Abstract]:The patriotic convention movement is a great initiative of the Communist Party of China and our people. As far as the specific content of the patriotic convention movement is concerned, based on the needs of the development of the political and economic situation in the early days of the founding of New China, the broad masses of the people have established a series of patriotic conventions such as production, support for the army, and support for government. These patriotic conventions are not only the embodiment of people's patriotic enthusiasm and wisdom, but also the carrier and link of the will of the Party and government to the ordinary people. In a form that the masses like to see and combine with the central task of the Party in the early days of the founding of New China, it has greatly enhanced the ideological consciousness and understanding of the broad masses and ensured the unity of the party and the masses in their thinking and actions. Consolidated the ruling foundation of the party, thus laid a solid foundation for the political and social development of New China. The patriotic convention movement is not only an effective political mobilization mode for the Communist Party of China to organize and educate the masses, but also a self-education method created by the people spontaneously. The decision of "resisting US aggression and aiding Korea" made the patriotic convention movement a special political mobilization mode and aroused people's enthusiasm to devote themselves to the central task of the country again. Since the economic policy of the people's Republic of China is to protect the interests of industry, commerce and labor, the pragmatic ethnic handicraftsmen are the first to act. In the form of signing and fulfilling the patriotic convention, he expressed his determination to support the new regime and support the War of resisting US aggression and Aid Korea. With the demonstration and impetus of the national industrial and commercial people, the laborers of all kinds of industries in the whole country have formulated a patriotic convention in accordance with their own actual conditions in the light of the characteristics of their own industries. Throughout the country, the patriotic convention campaign, which is aimed at increasing production and saving, making patriotic donations and supporting the army as a priority, has been carried out vigorously, and not only has it accumulated material reserves for the victory of the war, At the same time, the patriotic enthusiasm and action of the masses provided an inexhaustible source of strength for the volunteers fighting on the front line. With the end of the War of resisting US aggression and Aid to Korea, the patriotic convention movement also withdrew from the historical stage because of the completion of its historical mission, but as an effective political mobilization mode, The successful development of the Patriotic Convention Movement played an important role in supporting the War of Resistance against US aggression and Aid Korea and all aspects of domestic construction. First of all, the campaign of increasing production and saving and patriotic donation has accumulated a large amount of material reserves for the war, which to a great extent made up for the insufficiency of the national financial expenditure, and has supported the war in a material way. Secondly, the successful development of the campaign greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the front-line volunteers, made them enter the war with full enthusiasm and superhuman perseverance, and ensured the stability of the army and the people in the war ideologically. Moreover, in the process of formulating and implementing the patriotic convention, the party has led the people not only to sum up and create many good methods and mechanisms, but also to expand and improve the original organizational institutions and organizational resources. The implementation of these measures not only contributed to the victory of the war, but also strengthened the people's recognition and support for the new regime, and strengthened the people's sense of ownership and their sense of historical responsibility as masters of their own country. By systematically and comprehensively combing the relevant historical facts in the patriotic convention movement, we can not only understand the development logic of the patriotic convention movement from a new perspective, At the same time, it can also enlighten the system design of political life in the period of peace building today.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27
本文编号：2384733
[Abstract]:The patriotic convention movement is a great initiative of the Communist Party of China and our people. As far as the specific content of the patriotic convention movement is concerned, based on the needs of the development of the political and economic situation in the early days of the founding of New China, the broad masses of the people have established a series of patriotic conventions such as production, support for the army, and support for government. These patriotic conventions are not only the embodiment of people's patriotic enthusiasm and wisdom, but also the carrier and link of the will of the Party and government to the ordinary people. In a form that the masses like to see and combine with the central task of the Party in the early days of the founding of New China, it has greatly enhanced the ideological consciousness and understanding of the broad masses and ensured the unity of the party and the masses in their thinking and actions. Consolidated the ruling foundation of the party, thus laid a solid foundation for the political and social development of New China. The patriotic convention movement is not only an effective political mobilization mode for the Communist Party of China to organize and educate the masses, but also a self-education method created by the people spontaneously. The decision of "resisting US aggression and aiding Korea" made the patriotic convention movement a special political mobilization mode and aroused people's enthusiasm to devote themselves to the central task of the country again. Since the economic policy of the people's Republic of China is to protect the interests of industry, commerce and labor, the pragmatic ethnic handicraftsmen are the first to act. In the form of signing and fulfilling the patriotic convention, he expressed his determination to support the new regime and support the War of resisting US aggression and Aid Korea. With the demonstration and impetus of the national industrial and commercial people, the laborers of all kinds of industries in the whole country have formulated a patriotic convention in accordance with their own actual conditions in the light of the characteristics of their own industries. Throughout the country, the patriotic convention campaign, which is aimed at increasing production and saving, making patriotic donations and supporting the army as a priority, has been carried out vigorously, and not only has it accumulated material reserves for the victory of the war, At the same time, the patriotic enthusiasm and action of the masses provided an inexhaustible source of strength for the volunteers fighting on the front line. With the end of the War of resisting US aggression and Aid to Korea, the patriotic convention movement also withdrew from the historical stage because of the completion of its historical mission, but as an effective political mobilization mode, The successful development of the Patriotic Convention Movement played an important role in supporting the War of Resistance against US aggression and Aid Korea and all aspects of domestic construction. First of all, the campaign of increasing production and saving and patriotic donation has accumulated a large amount of material reserves for the war, which to a great extent made up for the insufficiency of the national financial expenditure, and has supported the war in a material way. Secondly, the successful development of the campaign greatly encouraged the fighting spirit of the front-line volunteers, made them enter the war with full enthusiasm and superhuman perseverance, and ensured the stability of the army and the people in the war ideologically. Moreover, in the process of formulating and implementing the patriotic convention, the party has led the people not only to sum up and create many good methods and mechanisms, but also to expand and improve the original organizational institutions and organizational resources. The implementation of these measures not only contributed to the victory of the war, but also strengthened the people's recognition and support for the new regime, and strengthened the people's sense of ownership and their sense of historical responsibility as masters of their own country. By systematically and comprehensively combing the relevant historical facts in the patriotic convention movement, we can not only understand the development logic of the patriotic convention movement from a new perspective, At the same time, it can also enlighten the system design of political life in the period of peace building today.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K27
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