“政治博弈”与“国家构建”——辛亥革命场域的外蒙古问题

发布时间：2018-12-20 21:58

【摘要】：辛亥革命以来,民初中央政府与外蒙古地方的政治磨合略显吃力,后者对中央政府的政治认同度不高。此间,外蒙古王公喇嘛对未来之政治趋向做了设计,遂宣布"独立",建立"大蒙古国"。其后俄国插手其中,事态遂演变成一局中俄蒙三方参与的政治博弈。伴随着中俄蒙三方展开的政治博弈,其背后之目标是为了完成"国家构建"。尽管南京临时政府以及之后的北京政府以构建国家认同为路径,通过劝谕、册封、立法、厚给利益、教育统合等诸手段,加强了与外蒙古地区的联系,并在一定程度上实现了对该地区之统合。然而,由于历史继承生因素和俄国的插手,使得这一国民统合之进程从整体来说,实效不足。但不管怎样,此间通过与俄国、外蒙古之政治博弈,促使外蒙古宣布放弃"国家构建",在某种程度上获得了一种对外宣扬和阐释统合外蒙古地方的合法形象,随后还将外蒙古地方纳入其行政管理之下,亦可称得上是一种成功。
[Abstract]:Since the 1911 Revolution, the political run-in between the central government and Outer Mongolia was a little difficult, and the latter had a low degree of political identity to the central government. The WaiMongol monarch Lama designed the future political trend and declared "independence" and the establishment of the Great Mongol state. Then Russia interfered, and the situation turned into a political game in which China, Russia and Mongolia participated. With the political game between Russia and Mongolia, the goal behind it is to build a country. Although the Nanjing interim Government and the later Beijing government took the path of building a national identity as the path, through such means as persuasion, canonization, legislation, giving benefits, educational integration, etc., it strengthened its ties with the Outer Mongolia region. To a certain extent, the integration of the region has been realized. However, because of historical inheritance and Russia's intervention, the process of national integration was not effective as a whole. But in any case, through the political game with Russia and Outer Mongolia, it made Outer Mongolia abandon "national construction", and to some extent acquired a legitimate image of promoting and explaining the integration of Outer Mongolia. The subsequent inclusion of Outer Mongolia under its administration was also a success.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目《民国时期中央政府对边疆地区之统合研究》阶段性成果,项目编号:11CZS026
【分类号】：K257

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