日本在东北的农业科研活动与农业统制
发布时间：2019-02-12 16:07
【摘要】：为了加强对东北农业的殖民统治,日本利用“满铁”设立公主岭农事试验场等农业科研机构,以谋求农业改良,从农业上掠夺更多利益。1932年后,为发展农业,扮演日本帝国主义的粮食基地这一角色,伪满洲国又建立一批农事试验场。经过1938年满铁附属地行政权移交与1941年农事试验场的机构改革,农试场机构建制发生了很大变化。从1906年到1945年,各处农事试验场进行了全面的农业科研活动。虽在农试场内,试验机关取得丰硕成果,但是将科研成果向全东北推广时,受种种自然与社会因素限制,除了个别项目推广顺利外,普及推广的效果比较差。农事试验场的科研活动在客观上对东北农业发展起到一定作用,但是从整体上看,是失败的。失败的最主要原因在于日本对东北农业实行殖民统治。为满足日本扩大战争对农产品的需求,伪满执行农业统制政策,靠大幅度扩大耕地实现增产,靠“粮谷出荷”与粮食配给搜刮农业资源,严重破坏农业生产,危害农民生活。本文采用实证主义研究方法,运用丰富史料和数据,介绍农事试验场的史实与科研成果,论证农业改良在东北地区推广不力,揭露日本帝国主义对东北农业实行殖民统治的伪善本质。第一章介绍农事试验场的沿革与机构设置。“满铁”时期与伪满时期农事试验场具有不同的阶段特征,各处农事试验场在业务上也呈现独特性。第二章详细介绍农事试验场的科研活动及其推广情况。主要包括品种改良、果蔬栽培、农业化学、病虫害防治、农机具引进与改良等,说明在农事试验场里面科研成绩良好。但农业科研成果在全东北普及失败,并剖析其原因。第三章揭露日本对东北进行农业殖民统治。由于日本面临的战争形势日益紧张,伪满的农业统制政策也随之强化,掠夺更多农业资源以支持日本的侵略战争。
[Abstract]:In order to strengthen its colonial rule over agriculture in the Northeast, Japan used "Manchuria" to set up agricultural research institutions such as the Gongzhuling Agricultural testing ground in order to seek agricultural improvement and plunder more benefits from agriculture. After 1932, in order to develop agriculture, Playing the role of Japanese imperialist grain base, pseudo-Manchukuo set up a number of agricultural test sites. After the transfer of administrative power in 1938 and the institutional reform of the farm in 1941, great changes have taken place in the organizational system of the farm. From 1906 to 1945, various agricultural test sites carried out comprehensive agricultural research activities. Although the experimental institutions have achieved fruitful results in the agricultural testing field, the results of scientific research are limited by various natural and social factors, except for individual projects, the results of popularization and popularization are relatively poor. The scientific research activities of the agricultural test site play a certain role in the development of northeast agriculture objectively, but on the whole, it is a failure. The main reason for the failure was Japan's colonial rule over northeast agriculture. In order to meet Japan's demand for agricultural products in the war, the puppet Manchu government carried out agricultural control policy, increased production by expanding cultivated land by a large margin, scoured agricultural resources by "grain and load" and grain rationing, seriously damaged agricultural production and endangered peasants' lives. This paper introduces the historical facts and scientific research results of the agricultural test site by using rich historical data and data, and proves that agricultural improvement is not popularized in Northeast China. Exposing the hypocritical nature of Japanese imperialism's colonial rule over northeast agriculture. The first chapter introduces the evolution and setup of the farm test site. During the period of Manchu Iron and pseudo Manchu, the agricultural test sites have different stage characteristics, and the various agricultural test sites are also unique in business. The second chapter introduces the research activities and popularization of the agricultural test site in detail. It mainly includes variety improvement, fruit and vegetable cultivation, agrochemistry, pest and disease control, introduction and improvement of agricultural machinery and tools, and so on. But the agricultural scientific research achievement in the whole northeast popularizes the failure, and analyzes its reason. The third chapter reveals Japan's agricultural colonial rule over Northeast China. As Japan is facing an increasingly tense war situation, the puppet Manchuria agricultural control policy is also strengthened, plundering more agricultural resources to support Japan's aggressive war.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265.61
本文编号：2420578
[Abstract]:In order to strengthen its colonial rule over agriculture in the Northeast, Japan used "Manchuria" to set up agricultural research institutions such as the Gongzhuling Agricultural testing ground in order to seek agricultural improvement and plunder more benefits from agriculture. After 1932, in order to develop agriculture, Playing the role of Japanese imperialist grain base, pseudo-Manchukuo set up a number of agricultural test sites. After the transfer of administrative power in 1938 and the institutional reform of the farm in 1941, great changes have taken place in the organizational system of the farm. From 1906 to 1945, various agricultural test sites carried out comprehensive agricultural research activities. Although the experimental institutions have achieved fruitful results in the agricultural testing field, the results of scientific research are limited by various natural and social factors, except for individual projects, the results of popularization and popularization are relatively poor. The scientific research activities of the agricultural test site play a certain role in the development of northeast agriculture objectively, but on the whole, it is a failure. The main reason for the failure was Japan's colonial rule over northeast agriculture. In order to meet Japan's demand for agricultural products in the war, the puppet Manchu government carried out agricultural control policy, increased production by expanding cultivated land by a large margin, scoured agricultural resources by "grain and load" and grain rationing, seriously damaged agricultural production and endangered peasants' lives. This paper introduces the historical facts and scientific research results of the agricultural test site by using rich historical data and data, and proves that agricultural improvement is not popularized in Northeast China. Exposing the hypocritical nature of Japanese imperialism's colonial rule over northeast agriculture. The first chapter introduces the evolution and setup of the farm test site. During the period of Manchu Iron and pseudo Manchu, the agricultural test sites have different stage characteristics, and the various agricultural test sites are also unique in business. The second chapter introduces the research activities and popularization of the agricultural test site in detail. It mainly includes variety improvement, fruit and vegetable cultivation, agrochemistry, pest and disease control, introduction and improvement of agricultural machinery and tools, and so on. But the agricultural scientific research achievement in the whole northeast popularizes the failure, and analyzes its reason. The third chapter reveals Japan's agricultural colonial rule over Northeast China. As Japan is facing an increasingly tense war situation, the puppet Manchuria agricultural control policy is also strengthened, plundering more agricultural resources to support Japan's aggressive war.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K265.61
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