论阎锡山的乡村治理思想（1917-1928）
发布时间：2019-02-19 17:11
【摘要】：19世纪末20世纪初,地方自治思潮传入中国,对当时的政治、经济、社会都产生了很大的影响。在研究区域现代化的学者眼中,近代山西是一处独特的景致。1917年—1928年,阎锡山领导了一场具有广泛政治和社会意义的村政改革和村治建设运动,史称“山西村治”。在此期间,山西全省各地普遍建立了各种乡村自治组织和制度,改变了清末民初以来山西乡村制度混乱的局面。作为一个由政府推动的乡村自治实践,山西村治改革坚持了高效动员的行政传统,并且首次创设区乡一级国家行政和具有自治与“官治”双重性质的行政建制村,这种政治建构后来也被我们继承和发展,产生了深远的意义。以整合国家行政和乡村自治为精神内核的山西村治运动,其主要历史成就就是在探索建设现代的而又符合中国国情的地方行政体制机制方面取得了重大突破;同时,它也为阎锡山的地方统治奠定了稳固的社会环境和较为雄厚的物质基础,山西成为当时的“政治模范省”。经过不断演进,山西村制成为南京国民政府初期全国乡村自治制度的蓝本。 伟大的英国历史哲学家柯林武德说:“一切历史都是思想史”。阎锡山在山西推行的乡村治理,既有章法和政策,也有制度方面的建设。这种治晋方略本身就是一种统治思想、一种管理思想。“思想是行为的先导”,山西村治改革深刻反映出阎锡山的乡村治理思想,反映出时代历史潮流对这位村治领军人物的熏陶和感染。阎锡山这位山西村治领导人受到新文化运动的深刻影响。村治改革伴随有新旧文化冲突,蕴藏着丰富的文化观念的冲突与变迁。确切的说,山西村治建设是中西文化混合的产物,这场建设既萃取了20世纪新文化运动的诸多新鲜养分,受到了孙中山三民主义的影响,同时也继承了传统文化的许多精神内核。不可否认,山西村治具有制度创新的意义,值得历史参考和借鉴。山西村治,既是阎锡山政治革新思想的反映,也是改革传统乡村的时代诉求。阎锡山提出的“用民政治”革新了封建社会的安民保守思想,而“民治主义的村本政治”,则超脱了清末以来实行地方自治必效日本的常轨。结合我国当前的社会主义新农村建设进程和农村基层民主建设历程,研究阎锡山的乡村治理思想,无疑具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the trend of local autonomy was introduced into China, which had a great influence on politics, economy and society at that time. In the eyes of scholars studying regional modernization, modern Shanxi is a unique scene. From 1917 to 1928, Yan Xishan led a political and social reform and village government construction movement, which was called "Shanxi village governance". During this period, various rural autonomous organizations and systems were generally established in Shanxi Province, which changed the chaotic situation of Shanxi rural system since the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. As a practice of rural autonomy promoted by the government, Shanxi Village Government Reform adheres to the administrative tradition of efficient mobilization, and for the first time establishes the administrative system of district and township level state administration and administrative system village with the dual nature of autonomy and "official governance". This kind of political construction is also inherited and developed by us, which has profound significance. The main historical achievement of the Shanxi Village Governance Movement, which takes the integration of national administration and rural autonomy as the spiritual core, is that it has made a great breakthrough in exploring and constructing the modern local administrative system and mechanism in accordance with China's national conditions. At the same time, it also laid a solid social environment and a relatively strong material foundation for Yan Xishan's local rule, and Shanxi became a "political model province" at that time. After continuous evolution, Shanxi Village system became the blueprint of the national village autonomy system in the early period of Nanjing National Government. "all history is the history of thought," said Collingwood, the great British philosopher of history. The rural governance carried out by Yan Xishan in Shanxi has not only the rules and policies, but also the construction of the system. This strategy of governing Jin Dynasty itself is a kind of ruling thought, a kind of management thought. "thought is the forerunner of behavior", Shanxi Village Government Reform deeply reflects Yan Xishan's thought of rural governance, and reflects the influence and influence of the historical trend of the times on the leader of the village government. Yan Xishan, the leader of Shanxi Village, was deeply influenced by the New Culture Movement. With the conflict of new and old culture, the reform of village government contains rich conflicts and changes of cultural concepts. To be exact, the construction of Shanxi Village Government is the product of a mixture of Chinese and Western cultures. This construction has not only extracted many fresh nutrients from the new cultural movement in the 20th century, but also has been influenced by Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles. At the same time, it also inherits many spiritual kernel of traditional culture. Undeniably, Shanxi Village Government has the significance of institutional innovation and is worthy of historical reference and reference. Shanxi Village Government is not only the reflection of Yan Xishan's thought of political innovation, but also the demand of the times of reforming traditional villages. Yan Xishan's "politics with the people" innovated the conservative thought of the people in the feudal society, while the "village-based politics of the rule of the people" transcended the common practice of local autonomy in Japan since the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is undoubtedly of great practical significance to study Yan Xishan's thought of rural governance in combination with the current process of socialist new rural construction and the course of rural grass-roots democratic construction.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K258
本文编号：2426694
[Abstract]:At the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the trend of local autonomy was introduced into China, which had a great influence on politics, economy and society at that time. In the eyes of scholars studying regional modernization, modern Shanxi is a unique scene. From 1917 to 1928, Yan Xishan led a political and social reform and village government construction movement, which was called "Shanxi village governance". During this period, various rural autonomous organizations and systems were generally established in Shanxi Province, which changed the chaotic situation of Shanxi rural system since the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. As a practice of rural autonomy promoted by the government, Shanxi Village Government Reform adheres to the administrative tradition of efficient mobilization, and for the first time establishes the administrative system of district and township level state administration and administrative system village with the dual nature of autonomy and "official governance". This kind of political construction is also inherited and developed by us, which has profound significance. The main historical achievement of the Shanxi Village Governance Movement, which takes the integration of national administration and rural autonomy as the spiritual core, is that it has made a great breakthrough in exploring and constructing the modern local administrative system and mechanism in accordance with China's national conditions. At the same time, it also laid a solid social environment and a relatively strong material foundation for Yan Xishan's local rule, and Shanxi became a "political model province" at that time. After continuous evolution, Shanxi Village system became the blueprint of the national village autonomy system in the early period of Nanjing National Government. "all history is the history of thought," said Collingwood, the great British philosopher of history. The rural governance carried out by Yan Xishan in Shanxi has not only the rules and policies, but also the construction of the system. This strategy of governing Jin Dynasty itself is a kind of ruling thought, a kind of management thought. "thought is the forerunner of behavior", Shanxi Village Government Reform deeply reflects Yan Xishan's thought of rural governance, and reflects the influence and influence of the historical trend of the times on the leader of the village government. Yan Xishan, the leader of Shanxi Village, was deeply influenced by the New Culture Movement. With the conflict of new and old culture, the reform of village government contains rich conflicts and changes of cultural concepts. To be exact, the construction of Shanxi Village Government is the product of a mixture of Chinese and Western cultures. This construction has not only extracted many fresh nutrients from the new cultural movement in the 20th century, but also has been influenced by Sun Zhongshan's three people's principles. At the same time, it also inherits many spiritual kernel of traditional culture. Undeniably, Shanxi Village Government has the significance of institutional innovation and is worthy of historical reference and reference. Shanxi Village Government is not only the reflection of Yan Xishan's thought of political innovation, but also the demand of the times of reforming traditional villages. Yan Xishan's "politics with the people" innovated the conservative thought of the people in the feudal society, while the "village-based politics of the rule of the people" transcended the common practice of local autonomy in Japan since the end of the Qing Dynasty. It is undoubtedly of great practical significance to study Yan Xishan's thought of rural governance in combination with the current process of socialist new rural construction and the course of rural grass-roots democratic construction.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K258
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 李志军;;简述民国时期乡村自治的演变[J];安徽农业科学;2006年13期
2 任小燕 ,刘一皋;阎锡山农村改造主张述评[J];沧桑;1994年02期
3 李鹏;;试析阎锡山与山西村制变革[J];沧桑;2005年06期
4 王勇红,梁四宝;阎锡山农业经济思想及其特点[J];太原师范学院学报(社会科学版);2004年02期
5 申国昌;贺鹏丽;;阎锡山兴办山西教育的性质[J];山西大同大学学报(社会科学版);2010年02期
6 刘彦威;近代山西农产商品化的条件和特点[J];古今农业;1996年04期
7 李三谋;张鸿宾;;阎锡山的“土地村公有”[J];古今农业;2006年03期
8 徐凤华;;浅析阎锡山的“用民政治”思想[J];传承;2009年22期
9 李德芳;阎锡山与民初山西乡村制度的变革[J];河北大学学报(哲学社会科学版);2000年03期
10 昝爱民;;论孙中山“三民主义”对阎锡山村政思想的影响[J];长治学院学报;2007年06期
相关会议论文 前1条
1 董江爱;;军阀首脑与村治领袖——论山西省治与村治的关系[A];华北乡村史学术研讨会论文集[C];2001年
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 吴孟显;近代晋南农村市场的发展与社会变迁（1860-1949）[D];陕西师范大学;2008年
，本文编号：2426694
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zgjxds/2426694.html
