过渡时期贵州省资本主义工商业社会主义改造研究

发布时间：2019-03-11 12:52

【摘要】：二十世纪五十年代,中国共产党从我国的实际出发,依据马列主义对资本主义工商业的和平赎买理论,对中国的资本主义工商业实行了一系列的利用、限制、改造,采用了从低级到高级的国家资本主义形式,顺利地完成了对资本主义工商业的社会主义改造。这是中国共产党对马克思主义的基本原理在我国的创造性运用。解放初期,贵州省委、省政府从贵州省资本主义工商业的实际情况出发,以中央对资本主义工商业采取的利用、限制政策为依据,对该省的工商业采取加工订货、提供原料、发放贷款、统销包销等方式,帮助当时的私营工商业渡过难关,恢复和发展了贵州的资本主义工商业。1953年,根据党过渡时期总路线的指引,贵州省开始正式对该省的资本主义工商业进行社会主义改造,首先是进行个别行业的公私合营,接着对全行业进行公私合营。1956年,基本上完成了对全省的资本主义工商业社会主义改造。全文共分为了五个部分:第一部分是绪论,主要从研究背景、研究意义、本文选题的国内外研究现状、研究的主要内容与基本观点以及研究方法五个方面对贵州省资本主义工商业的社会主义改造研究做了铺垫。第二部分主要介绍了中国资本主义工商业社会主义改造理论依据及历史背景,消灭私有制是马克思、恩格斯的一个核心思想,他们对资本主义私有制进行了全面分析,列宁也对未来社会主义社会所有制结构进行了理论上的设想及实践。新中国成立后至总路线确定之前我国的民族工商业政策有着一定的变化,国民经济恢复时期时中国共产党认识到了民族资本家的牟利思想,对资产阶级的忧虑开始加深。第三部分主要阐述了贵州省资本主义工商业社会主义改造的历史进程。新中国成立后,贵州的工商业百废待兴,省委、省政府根据中央的政策方针,开始对贵州省的资本主义工商业进行恢复和发展,接着实施了利用、限制的方针;对私商的投机活动进行打击、对工商业进行调整、打击“五毒”不法资本家,逐步地对贵州资本主义工商业实施社会主义改造。第四部分主要总结了贵州资本主义工商业社会主义改造的经验。对资本主义工商业进行社会主义改造,贵州省取得了如下一些成就:结合北方经验,使国营经济领导地位得以在贵州确立,特色行业得到了发展;改造后与改造前相比,生产力确实得到了飞快的发展。在改造过程中,一些专业技术也得到了深层次的挖掘;与此同时也留给了我们一些经验教训。第五部分主要是对资本主义工商业改造进行了反思。改造中遗留下了不少的问题,不过在贵州的实践中,逐步的得到了解决。从对资本主义工商业进行社会主义改造的历史进程中可以看出,要正确客观地看待和处理资本主义和社会主义事业的关系。当前非公有制经济的发展在根本上不同于社会主义改造之前的资本主义工商业,也不可能发展成为资本主义工商业时期的经济形态。梳理资本主义工商业社会主义改造时期留下的宝贵经验,对当代经济的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。但是,并不能完全照搬,必须与当下的实际相结合。
[Abstract]:In the fifties of the 20th century, the Communist Party of China set out a series of utilization, restriction and transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in China based on the theory of Marxism-Leninism on the peaceful redemption of the capitalist industry and commerce from the reality of our country. The socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce has been successfully completed in the form of the state capitalism from the lower level to the higher level. This is the Chinese Communist Party's creative application to the basic principle of Marxism. In that early stage of the liberation, the provincial Party committee and the provincial government of Guizhou, starting from the actual situation of the capitalist industry and commerce in Guizhou province, take the center's use of the capitalist industry and commerce, restrict the policy as the basis, and take the processing order for the industry and commerce of the province, and provide the raw materials, the loans, the sale of the pin and so on. In 1953, according to the guidance of the general line of the Party's transitional period, Guizhou began to carry out the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in the province, first of all, In 1956, the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in the whole province was basically completed. The full text is divided into five parts: the first part is the introduction, mainly from the research background, the research significance, the present situation of the research on the subject of this paper, The main contents and basic viewpoints of the research and the five aspects of the research method have laid a foundation for the study of the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in Guizhou. The second part mainly introduces the theoretical basis and the historical background of the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in China, and the elimination of private ownership is one of the core ideas of Marx and Engels, and they have made a comprehensive analysis of the private ownership of capitalism. Lenin also carried on the theory and practice of the structure of the socialist social ownership in the future. After the establishment of the new China and the determination of the general route, the national industrial and commercial policies of our country have a certain change. During the period of national economic recovery, the Chinese Communist Party recognized the idea of the profit-making of the national capitalist and began to deepen the anxiety of the bourgeoisie. The third part mainly expounds the historical process of the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in Guizhou. After the establishment of the new China, the industrial and commercial waste of Guizhou, the provincial party committee and the provincial government began to restore and develop the capitalist industry and commerce in Guizhou, according to the policy guidelines of the central government, and then implemented the policy of using and limiting; and the speculative activities of the private business were hit. To adjust the industry and commerce, to crack down on the "five-poison" of the illegal capitalist, to gradually implement the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in Guizhou. The fourth part mainly summarizes the experience of the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce in Guizhou. With the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce, Guizhou has achieved some of the following achievements: in combination with the experience of the north, the leading position of the state-owned economy can be established in Guizhou and the characteristic industry has been developed; and compared with the former before the transformation, the productivity has been developed rapidly. In the course of the transformation, some professional techniques have also been deeply excavated; at the same time, we have left some of our lessons. The fifth part is to reflect on the transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce. There are many problems left in the transformation, but in the practice of Guizhou, it has been solved gradually. From the historical process of the socialist transformation of the capitalist industry and commerce, it can be seen that the relationship between capitalism and the socialist cause should be viewed and dealt with correctly and objectively. The development of the non-public-owned economy is fundamentally different from the capitalist industry and commerce before the socialist transformation, and it is not possible to develop the economic form in the period of capitalist industry and commerce. It is of great significance for the development of the contemporary economy to comb the valuable experience of the capitalist industry and commerce socialist transformation. However, it cannot be completely copied and must be combined with the present reality.
【学位授予单位】：贵州财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K27

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