潮汕铁路案中的地方应对
发布时间：2019-03-20 07:03
【摘要】：侨资潮汕铁路既有日本资本介入,又牵扯土客矛盾。导致数名日本人毙命的葫芦市事件发生后,广东地方官基于潮汕铁路公司系华资企业,有清晰民事行为主体,顶住商部和日本领事的压力,坚持将惩凶与赔偿分开的处理原则。在晚清特殊外交体制背景下,这一案例显现了对外交涉中"大权在外"的特性,也显现非建制的地方对外交涉机构的运作程序。受此次事件的影响,日本对潮汕铁路的控制逐步受到削弱。广东地方官相应强化了对民营铁路公司的管控,进一步协调其与地方民众的关系,在地价问题上维护当地民众的利益、在路线设置上兼顾民众与铁路公司的利益。受清末商办体制的影响,地方政府在潮汕铁路兴建与否的问题上,并不居于主导地位,只是出现纠纷时,才启动地方外交交涉机制。基于地方利益的考量,针对日本在潮汕铁路中人员和资本的隐蔽性,拒绝将此事件作为中日之间的外交事务来处理,其理由在于日本领事并没有代表铁路公司与中国政府进行交涉的权力。地方督抚与商部在民营公司管理上沟通不畅,以及这条铁路所面临的潮汕地方复杂的土客矛盾,都是潮汕铁路"命运不济"的背景。
[Abstract]:Overseas Chinese-funded Chaoshan Railway not only has Japanese capital intervention, but also involves local contradictions. After the Huludi incident, which killed several Japanese people, Guangdong local officials insisted on the principle of separating punishment from compensation on the basis of Chaoshan Railway Company, a Chinese-funded enterprise, with a clear subject of civil conduct, withholding pressure from the Ministry of Commerce and the Japanese consul. Under the background of the special diplomatic system in the late Qing Dynasty, this case shows the characteristics of "big power outside" in the foreign negotiation, and also shows the operation procedure of the non-establishment local foreign negotiation institution. Affected by this incident, Japan's control of the Chaoshan Railway has been gradually weakened. Accordingly, the local officials in Guangdong strengthened the control over the private railway companies, further coordinated their relations with the local people, safeguarded the interests of the local people on the issue of land price, and took into account the interests of the people and the railway companies in the setting up of the routes. Under the influence of the commercial office system in the late Qing Dynasty, the local government did not play a dominant role in the construction of the Chaoshan Railway, but only when disputes arose, the local diplomatic negotiation mechanism was initiated. Based on the consideration of local interests, in view of the concealment of Japanese personnel and capital in the Chaoshan Railway, the incident was refused to be dealt with as a foreign affairs between China and Japan. The reason is that the Japanese consul does not have the power to negotiate with the Chinese government on behalf of the railway company. The lack of communication between the local governor and the Ministry of Commerce in the management of private companies, as well as the complicated conflicts between local tourists and local residents in Chaozhou-Shantou, which this railway faces, are the background of the "fate" of the Chaozhou-Shantou railway.
【作者单位】： 安徽师范大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(13BZS057)
【分类号】：K252
本文编号：2443972
[Abstract]:Overseas Chinese-funded Chaoshan Railway not only has Japanese capital intervention, but also involves local contradictions. After the Huludi incident, which killed several Japanese people, Guangdong local officials insisted on the principle of separating punishment from compensation on the basis of Chaoshan Railway Company, a Chinese-funded enterprise, with a clear subject of civil conduct, withholding pressure from the Ministry of Commerce and the Japanese consul. Under the background of the special diplomatic system in the late Qing Dynasty, this case shows the characteristics of "big power outside" in the foreign negotiation, and also shows the operation procedure of the non-establishment local foreign negotiation institution. Affected by this incident, Japan's control of the Chaoshan Railway has been gradually weakened. Accordingly, the local officials in Guangdong strengthened the control over the private railway companies, further coordinated their relations with the local people, safeguarded the interests of the local people on the issue of land price, and took into account the interests of the people and the railway companies in the setting up of the routes. Under the influence of the commercial office system in the late Qing Dynasty, the local government did not play a dominant role in the construction of the Chaoshan Railway, but only when disputes arose, the local diplomatic negotiation mechanism was initiated. Based on the consideration of local interests, in view of the concealment of Japanese personnel and capital in the Chaoshan Railway, the incident was refused to be dealt with as a foreign affairs between China and Japan. The reason is that the Japanese consul does not have the power to negotiate with the Chinese government on behalf of the railway company. The lack of communication between the local governor and the Ministry of Commerce in the management of private companies, as well as the complicated conflicts between local tourists and local residents in Chaozhou-Shantou, which this railway faces, are the background of the "fate" of the Chaozhou-Shantou railway.
【作者单位】： 安徽师范大学经济管理学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目(13BZS057)
【分类号】：K252
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