熊希龄实业思想研究

发布时间：2019-03-21 12:11

【摘要】：熊希龄在正式步入政坛之前,曾在湖南醴陵有过从事于实业的经历以及对振兴湖南实业的思考；步入政坛之后,又得以先后在奉天、江苏担任过主管实业的政府官员——奉天农工商局局长和江苏农工商局总办；辞去内阁总理之后,复受袁世凯委任筹办全国煤油矿事宜。可以说,熊希龄一生与实业结下了不解之缘。在他长期从事的实业实践活动中,以及对振兴近代中国实业的思考中,逐渐形成了他对于发展近代中国实业的见解与主张——实业思想。熊希龄的实业思想是实业救国思潮在近代中国的传播与流布的产物,其本质上是一种维新思想和爱国思想。它的形成,既受西方实业思想的影响；也受中国传统文化中的经邦济国思想,特别是湖湘文化中的“经世致用”思想和近代湖南学风中的务实精神的影响；同时还与熊希龄的个人机遇和主观努力有关。在熊希龄看来,发展实业对于近代中国有着重要的意义,不但是养成国力之基础,’是立国之本,而且对于发展军事力量、抵御外侮有着重要的作用。熊希龄认为,在近代中国要发展实业,必须学习日本,走优先发展模仿工业的道路。至于发展实业的具体方法,熊希龄则提出了兴办实业教育、行政助长实业、发展交通和通信事业三大措施。熊希龄还就如何开发中国煤油矿有过仔细的思考和周密的筹划,并在借鉴国外先进经验的基础之上向政府提出了开发煤油矿的方法。熊希龄的实业思想具有三个典型的特征：突出实业教育的作用；鲜明的“重商主义”特征；国外经验与本土实际情况相结合的“务实主义”特征。他的实业思想不但被他成功地用于指导开展实业实践活动,而且丰富和发展了近代中国的实业思想,有力地推动了近代中国实业的发展。
[Abstract]:Xiong Xiling had been engaged in industry and thought of revitalizing Hunan industry in Liling, Hunan before he formally entered the political arena. After stepping into politics, he was able to successively serve as a government official in charge of industry in Fengtian, the director of Fengtian Agriculture and Industry Bureau and the general office of Jiangsu Agriculture and Industry Bureau. After he resigned as prime minister of the cabinet, he was appointed by Yuan Shikai to organize the national kerosene and mining affairs. It can be said that Xiong Xiling's life and industry are inextricably linked. In his long-term industrial practice, as well as in the thought of revitalizing modern Chinese industry, he gradually formed his views and opinions on developing modern Chinese industry-industrial thought. Xiong Xiling's industrial thought is the product of the spread and spread of the thought of saving the country from industry in modern China, and its essence is a kind of reform thought and patriotic thought. Its formation is influenced not only by the western industrial thought, but also by the thought of Jingji country in the traditional Chinese culture, especially the thought of "applying the world to the world" in Huxiang culture and the pragmatic spirit in the modern Hunan style of study; It is also related to Xiong Xiling's personal opportunities and subjective efforts. In Xiong Xiling's view, the development of industry was of great significance to modern China. It was not only the foundation of national strength, 'the foundation of establishing a country, but also an important role in developing military force and resisting foreign aggression. Xiong Xiling believes that in order to develop industry in modern China, we must learn from Japan and take the priority of imitating industry. As for the concrete method of developing industry, Xiong Xiling put forward three major measures: setting up industry education, promoting industry by administration, and developing transportation and communication. Xiong Xiling also had careful thinking and careful planning on how to develop kerosene mines in China, and put forward to the government the method of developing kerosene mines on the basis of drawing lessons from the advanced experience of foreign countries. Xiong Xiling's industrial thought has three typical characteristics: highlighting the role of industrial education; distinctive "mercantilism" characteristics; the "pragmatism" characteristic of combining foreign experience with local reality. His industrial thought has not only been successfully used to guide the development of industrial practice, but also enriched and developed the industrial thought of modern China, which strongly promoted the development of modern Chinese industry.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K258

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