民国新兴道门的生长环境及其演变，1912-1937
发布时间：2019-04-17 07:24
【摘要】： 社会史的发展引导研究者将目光转向社会群体和下层民众,让历史研究者能够更加关注人的本身。近二十年来,学界对宗教的关注和讨论比较多,宗教研究大有兴盛之态,相关的宗教结社、民间信仰等相对边缘的研究方向也获得了很大的拓展和深入。 本文作为对宗教结社的一项研究,立足于民国时期(1912年—1937年)各方面力量在历史进程中对道门团体的影响,试图从社会整体演变视角下给出自己对于民国道门历史的解读,同时以道门为媒介,反向追溯,得出对于民国时期政治、社会和思想文化的一些新认识。 不论在政府组织构成还是社会控制方面,北洋政府和南京国民政府之间都有着很多截然不同或者一脉相承的成分。北洋政府时期,民间团体组织和私人结会结社活动相当活跃,一方面得益于官方的认可,一方面也可以说是源于北洋政府各自为政和混乱的权力交替造成的政治真空,这种局面使得各方政治势力对于加强社会控制毫无余力。正是由于当时的政府服务、保护和控制几乎停滞,北洋政府统治的十余年时间才成了道门团体发展的黄金时期。国民党执掌权柄之后,各方势力达成和解,进入相对统一稳定的和平状态,于是国民党加强社会控制的野心逐步膨胀,随着中央政权力量的逐步积聚和释放,社会团体生存和发展的空间也就被一步步压缩了。 在思想文化方面,现代化思潮主导下的反宗教和反迷信潮流早在民国初期就有了浩大的声势,进入南京国民政府时期后,为了重塑现代化的国民,实现训政纲领,国民政府主导了一系列的社会运动,在重重的社会改造运动完成之后,道门团体赖以生存的社会土壤也被逐步改造了,尽管如此,塑造现代化国民的努力并未获得完全的成功,“迷信”也从未真正消失。
[Abstract]:The development of social history leads researchers to turn their attention to social groups and lower-class people, so that historical researchers can pay more attention to people themselves. In the past two decades, there has been a great deal of attention and discussion about religion in academic circles. The research on religion has flourished, and the relative marginal research directions such as religious association, folk belief and so on have also been greatly expanded and deepened. This paper, as a study of religious association, based on the influence of various forces on Taoist groups in the historical process of the Republic of China (1912-1937), tries to give his interpretation of the history of the people's Taoist Gate from the perspective of the overall evolution of society. At the same time, we can get some new understandings about politics, society and ideological culture in the Republic of China by means of Tao door as the medium, reverse tracing back. There are many distinct or similar elements between the Beiyang government and the Nanjing national government in terms of government organization and social control. During the period of the Northern Foreign Government, civil society organizations and private associations and associations were very active, on the one hand, they benefited from official recognition, on the other hand, they were also due to the political vacuum caused by the alternation of divided and chaotic power in the Beiyang Government. This situation makes the political forces of all sides have no Yu Li to strengthen the social control. It was because of the government service, protection and control that nearly stagnated, the Northern foreign government ruled more than a decade to become the golden age of the development of the Taoist group. After the Kuomintang took over power, all parties reached reconciliation and entered a relatively unified and stable state of peace, so the Kuomintang's ambition to strengthen social control gradually expanded, and with the gradual accumulation and release of the forces of the central regime, The space for the survival and development of social groups has been reduced step by step. In terms of ideology and culture, the trend of anti-religion and anti-superstition led by the modernization trend had a tremendous momentum as early as the beginning of the Republic of China. After entering the period of the Nanjing National Government, in order to reshape the modern people and realize the program of political discipline, The national government dominated a series of social movements, and after the completion of the heavy social transformation movement, the social soil on which the Taoist group depended for its survival was gradually transformed. Nevertheless, efforts to shape modern citizens had not been fully successful. Superstitions have never really disappeared.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K258
本文编号：2459232
[Abstract]:The development of social history leads researchers to turn their attention to social groups and lower-class people, so that historical researchers can pay more attention to people themselves. In the past two decades, there has been a great deal of attention and discussion about religion in academic circles. The research on religion has flourished, and the relative marginal research directions such as religious association, folk belief and so on have also been greatly expanded and deepened. This paper, as a study of religious association, based on the influence of various forces on Taoist groups in the historical process of the Republic of China (1912-1937), tries to give his interpretation of the history of the people's Taoist Gate from the perspective of the overall evolution of society. At the same time, we can get some new understandings about politics, society and ideological culture in the Republic of China by means of Tao door as the medium, reverse tracing back. There are many distinct or similar elements between the Beiyang government and the Nanjing national government in terms of government organization and social control. During the period of the Northern Foreign Government, civil society organizations and private associations and associations were very active, on the one hand, they benefited from official recognition, on the other hand, they were also due to the political vacuum caused by the alternation of divided and chaotic power in the Beiyang Government. This situation makes the political forces of all sides have no Yu Li to strengthen the social control. It was because of the government service, protection and control that nearly stagnated, the Northern foreign government ruled more than a decade to become the golden age of the development of the Taoist group. After the Kuomintang took over power, all parties reached reconciliation and entered a relatively unified and stable state of peace, so the Kuomintang's ambition to strengthen social control gradually expanded, and with the gradual accumulation and release of the forces of the central regime, The space for the survival and development of social groups has been reduced step by step. In terms of ideology and culture, the trend of anti-religion and anti-superstition led by the modernization trend had a tremendous momentum as early as the beginning of the Republic of China. After entering the period of the Nanjing National Government, in order to reshape the modern people and realize the program of political discipline, The national government dominated a series of social movements, and after the completion of the heavy social transformation movement, the social soil on which the Taoist group depended for its survival was gradually transformed. Nevertheless, efforts to shape modern citizens had not been fully successful. Superstitions have never really disappeared.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K258
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 周经纬;建国初期北京地区取缔会道门工作初探[D];首都师范大学;2012年
，本文编号：2459232
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