国民政府防日毒气战问题研究（1931-1945）

发布时间：2019-06-12 08:50

【摘要】：国民政府防日毒气战举措主要包括防毒科研机构的建立,防毒军工厂的建设,军队防毒军事教育的进步,民众防毒措施以及反毒气舆论宣传五个方面。结合国民政府防毒军工生产的状况,军民防毒具体措施及成效等方面进行了研究与论述。用详实的史料对国民政府防日毒气战问题进行了系统的梳理,叙述了抗战时期蒋介石国民政府防日毒气战的基本史实。通过具体研究以求对国民政府防日毒气战的各项举措及其成效有一个较为全面的了解,并作出客观的评价,在肯定其成就的同时,也指出其存在的不足之处。论文由绪论、正文和结语三部分构成。绪论部分,主要讲述了论文的研究意义,概述了国内外学术界关于国民政府防日毒气战问题的研究现状。同时对主要研究工作作了说明,包括选题依据、研究内容和指导思想。正文主要包括五个部分。第一章围绕侵华日军毒气战的实施与危害来展开论述。日军毒气战备的日益完善,开始对华实施毒气战,不仅在正面战场对国民党军队用毒,而且在敌后战场也对八路军、新四军及平民用毒,对中国军民造成了严重的伤害。第二章主要分析了国民政府对日军毒气战的认识及应对措施。认识到国内毒气战备严重滞后,在国内外毒气化学专家以及德国顾问的共同努力下,国民政府通过建立防毒科研机构以及防毒军工厂来抵御日军毒气战的危害。第三章主要围绕国民党军队应对日军毒气战的举措展开论述,对军政部学兵队与防毒处的概况及作用作了一定的梳理,通过国民党军队大量的对日防毒具体战例来阐述国民党军队防毒的实际情况。第四章通过国民政府指导下成立的民众防护团和防空洞建设,以及防毒讲演、展览、电影、歌曲等形式增强民众的防毒意识和能力,民众防日毒气战运动得到蓬勃发展。第五章对国民政府防日毒气战举措作了客观的分析,说明其降低军民伤亡率,反毒气战舆论宣传工作,促进军队兵种多样化以及加快防毒现代化的积极作用。同时也指出了防毒军工生产的不足,局限于防毒技术装备的研究,军用毒气技术发展滞后,防毒部队派系之争以及忽视共产党部队防毒工作的局限性。结语部分在概括和总结国民政府防日毒气战概况的基础之上,对其所起的作用作了较为客观的评价。认识到只有取得国家独立和统一,国防工业完备,军队现代化才能抵抗外来侵略,实现国家富强的目标。
[Abstract]:The measures taken by the National Government to prevent Japanese poison and gas warfare mainly include the establishment of anti-virus scientific research institutions, the construction of anti-drug military factories, the progress of military anti-virus military education, the public anti-virus measures and the propaganda of anti-drug gas public opinion. Combined with the situation of anti-drug military production of the national government, the concrete measures and effects of anti-virus between the army and the people are studied and discussed. This paper systematically combs the problem of the national government's anti-Japanese gas warfare with detailed historical materials, and describes the basic historical facts of the Jiang Jieshi national government's anti-Japanese gas war during the War of Resistance against Japan. Through the concrete research, in order to have a more comprehensive understanding of the national government anti-Japanese gas warfare measures and their effectiveness, and make an objective evaluation, not only to affirm its achievements, but also to point out its shortcomings. The paper consists of three parts: introduction, main body and conclusion. The introduction part, mainly describes the research significance of the paper, summarizes the domestic and foreign academic circles on the national government anti-Japanese gas warfare research status. At the same time, the main research work is explained, including the basis of topic selection, research content and guiding ideology. The main body consists of five parts. The first chapter focuses on the implementation and harm of Japanese gas warfare against China. With the increasing improvement of the preparations for poison gas warfare, the Japanese army began to carry out gas warfare against China, not only to the Kuomintang army in the front battlefield, but also to the eighth Route Army, the New fourth Army, and the civilian population in the battlefield behind the enemy lines, causing serious harm to the Chinese army and the people. The second chapter mainly analyzes the national government's understanding of Japanese gas warfare and its countermeasures. Recognizing that the domestic gas war is seriously lagging behind, with the joint efforts of domestic and foreign gas chemistry experts and German consultants, the national government resisted the harm of Japanese gas warfare by establishing anti-virus scientific research institutions and anti-virus military factories. The third chapter mainly focuses on the measures taken by the Kuomintang army to deal with the poison and gas warfare of the Japanese army, combs the general situation and function of the military and political department of the academic army and the drug prevention department, and expounds the actual situation of the Kuomintang army in preventing poison through a large number of specific examples of anti-virus warfare against Japan by the Kuomintang army. The fourth chapter through the national government under the guidance of the establishment of the people's protection regiment and bomb shelter construction, as well as anti-virus speeches, exhibitions, films, songs and other forms to enhance the people's awareness and ability of anti-virus, the people's anti-Japanese gas war movement has been vigorous development. The fifth chapter makes an objective analysis of the national government's measures to prevent Japanese poison and gas warfare, and explains its positive role in reducing the casualty rate between the army and the people, publicizing the public opinion in the anti-drug gas war, promoting the diversification of the armed forces and speeding up the modernization of drug prevention. At the same time, it also points out the shortcomings of the production of anti-virus military industry, which are limited to the research of anti-virus technology and equipment, the lag of the development of military gas technology, the factional dispute of the anti-virus force and the limitation of neglecting the anti-virus work of the Communist Party. The conclusion part makes an objective evaluation of the role played by the national government on the basis of summarizing and summarizing the general situation of the national government's anti-Japanese gas warfare. It is recognized that only by achieving national independence and unity and complete national defense industry can the modernization of the armed forces resist foreign aggression and achieve the goal of prosperity and strength of the country.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K26

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