塑造救世主:“一战”后期“威尔逊主义”在中国的传播

发布时间：2019-06-14 15:32

【摘要】："一战"后期,威尔逊主义在中国大行其道,成为中国知识界和媒体界最受欢迎的外来思想。威尔逊主义之所以能够在中国广为传播,既是因为威尔逊总统的救世理念契合了"一战"时期中国人渴望和平民主的心理诉求,同时也与美国公共情报委员会和留美知识精英的努力提倡有关。以蒋梦麟为代表的留美派学人利用商务印书馆、江苏省教育会和北京大学等文化传播平台,大力推销《美国总统威尔逊参战演说》,为威尔逊主义在中国的传播竭尽所能。对中国而言,威尔逊主义的民族自决原则是最具吸引力的。在五四运动爆发前夕,北京政府徐世昌总统、研究系梁启超、北京大学的新文化派以及西南军阀等,从各自的利益出发,竞相以威尔逊主义为旗帜,发起和平运动和国民外交运动。质言之,威尔逊主义成为五四运动的一个外来的重要源动力。
[Abstract]:In the later period of World War I, Wilson doctrine became the most popular foreign thought in Chinese intellectual and media circles. Wilson's doctrine was widely spread in China not only because President Wilson's idea of saving the world coincided with the psychological demands of the Chinese people for peace and democracy during World War I, but also because of the efforts of the American Public Intelligence Committee and the intellectual elite to stay in the United States. The scholars studying in the United States, represented by Jiang Menglin, made use of the cultural communication platforms such as the Commercial Press, the Jiangsu Education Association and Peking University to vigorously promote the speech of President Wilson to the War, so as to do their best for the spread of Wilson Doctrine in China. For China, Wilson's principle of national self-determination is the most attractive. On the eve of the May 4th Movement, President Xu Shichang of the Beijing government, Liang Qichao of the research department, the neo-cultural faction of Peking University and the southwest warlords competed to launch the peace movement and the national diplomacy movement under the banner of Wilson doctrine. In short, Wilson Doctrine became an important foreign source of the May 4th Movement.
【作者单位】：复旦大学历史系;
【基金】：笔者主持国家社科基金“五四时期的反日运动研究”(13CZS026)的中期成果 2016年上海市浦江人才计划项目“进步主义与中美关系:美国政治学会领袖在中国的经历”(16PJC014) 复旦大学亚洲研究中心A类课题的资助
【分类号】：K261

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