论战时体制下日本对东北战争资源的掠夺（1941-1945年）
发布时间：2019-07-02 14:41
【摘要】：日伪统治后期(1941-1945年),日本深陷战争泥潭,战争资源严重匮乏。日伪统治者为筹集军需物资在东北地区开展以搜掠民财为目的的“金属献纳”运动、“粮谷出荷”及“国民储蓄”运动。加速了对东北人民的财物搜刮。 “金属献纳”运动是战时体制下,日本为满足战争所需实行的一项掠夺东北人民的战时措施。太平洋战争爆发以后,钢铁及有色金属消耗巨大,供应频频告急。日伪强制推行“金属献纳”运动以解战争燃眉之急。为使“金属献纳”运动顺利开展,日伪统治者不断完善各项“献纳”政策,用强制的手段,强迫东北人民献纳金属。此外,还成立了金属回收本部作为领导机关,在各地设立督励班,对各地区“献纳”情况进行督励。同时运用一切宣传手段,大张旗鼓的将“献纳运动”渗透到城乡的每一个角落,企图将“献纳”二字刻入每一个中国人的头脑中,从而增强人们的“献纳”意识。 “粮谷出荷”是战时体制下兴农合作社的一项重要活动内容,随着侵略战争的扩大和战线的拉长,日本帝国主义对粮食的需求日益紧迫。由于反法西斯同盟国对日本实行经济封锁,特别在粮食供给上切断了日本同外界的联系,军用粮需求剧增,日本侵略者为进一步将东北作为其主要的粮食供应基地,加强了对粮食资源的掠夺,在东北推行“粮谷出荷”政策。“粮谷出荷”是日本为满足战争需要的掠夺之举,其造成的悲剧,触目皆是,令人倍感心寒。这种竭泽而渔式的疯狂掠夺不仅使东北人民生活在极度悲观和恐怖的环境之中,而且严重破坏了东北的农业生产。 “国民储蓄”运动是日伪当局榨取劳动人民财富的重要手段之一。日本帝国主义为了侵略战争的需要,采取种种措施,搜刮财富,把庞大的储蓄任务,摊派给民众,强制完成“国民储蓄”任务,这无疑在东北人民早已不堪重负的肩上又加了一层重担。日伪统治者正是以武力为后盾通过种种方式,不遗余力的搜刮东北民众,刮尽民众手中的每一块铁、每一粒粮、每一分钱,使他们完全处于悲观与绝望的境地。日伪统治者对东北人民的残酷剥削与掠夺满足了庞大的战争所需,但战争的侵略性质注定了其失败的必然命运。
[Abstract]:In the late period of Japanese puppet rule (1941-1945), Japan was mired in war and its resources were seriously scarce. In order to raise quartermaster materials, Japanese pseudo-rulers carried out the campaign of "metal donation", "grain valley out of charge" and "national savings" in Northeast China for the purpose of searching for people's wealth. The search for property of the people of Northeast China was accelerated. The "metal donation" movement is a wartime measure carried out by Japan to meet the needs of the war to plunder the people of Northeast China under the war system. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the consumption of steel and non-ferrous metals was huge, and the supply was frequently in urgent need. Japanese puppet forced to carry out the "metal donation" movement to meet the urgent needs of the war. In order to make the "metal offering" movement carry out smoothly, the Japanese pseudo-rulers constantly improved all kinds of "offering" policies and forced the people of Northeast China to donate metals by compulsory means. In addition, the Metal recovery Department has also been set up as the leading organ to set up supervision classes in various localities to supervise and encourage the situation of "donation" in various regions. At the same time, by using all means of propaganda, the "offering movement" has been infiltrated into every corner of urban and rural areas, in an attempt to carve the word "offering" into the minds of every Chinese, so as to enhance people's consciousness of "offering". Grain valley is an important activity of agricultural cooperatives under the war system. With the expansion of the war of aggression and the prolongation of the front, the demand for food in Japan is becoming more and more urgent. As the anti-fascist allies imposed an economic blockade on Japan, especially cut off Japan's ties with the outside world in terms of grain supply, the demand for military grain increased dramatically. In order to further use Northeast China as their main food supply base, the Japanese invaders strengthened the plunder of grain resources and carried out the policy of "grain valley load" in the Northeast. Grain Valley is Japan's plunder to meet the needs of the war, and the tragedy caused by it is everywhere and chilling. This kind of wild plunder not only makes the people of Northeast China live in an extremely pessimistic and terrible environment, but also seriously destroys the agricultural production in Northeast China. The National savings Movement is one of the important means for the Japanese and puppet authorities to extract the wealth of the working people. In order to meet the needs of the war of aggression, Japanese imperialism took all kinds of measures to search for wealth, spread the huge savings task to the people, and forced the completion of the task of "national savings," which undoubtedly put another burden on the shoulders of the people of Northeast China. It is with force as the backing of the Japanese pseudo-rulers to spare no effort to search the people of Northeast China, scraping every piece of iron, every grain of grain and every penny in the hands of the people, so that they are completely in a situation of pessimism and despair. The cruel exploitation and plunder of the people of Northeast China by the Japanese pseudo-rulers met the needs of the huge war, but the aggressive nature of the war doomed its inevitable fate of failure.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265
本文编号：2509015
[Abstract]:In the late period of Japanese puppet rule (1941-1945), Japan was mired in war and its resources were seriously scarce. In order to raise quartermaster materials, Japanese pseudo-rulers carried out the campaign of "metal donation", "grain valley out of charge" and "national savings" in Northeast China for the purpose of searching for people's wealth. The search for property of the people of Northeast China was accelerated. The "metal donation" movement is a wartime measure carried out by Japan to meet the needs of the war to plunder the people of Northeast China under the war system. After the outbreak of the Pacific War, the consumption of steel and non-ferrous metals was huge, and the supply was frequently in urgent need. Japanese puppet forced to carry out the "metal donation" movement to meet the urgent needs of the war. In order to make the "metal offering" movement carry out smoothly, the Japanese pseudo-rulers constantly improved all kinds of "offering" policies and forced the people of Northeast China to donate metals by compulsory means. In addition, the Metal recovery Department has also been set up as the leading organ to set up supervision classes in various localities to supervise and encourage the situation of "donation" in various regions. At the same time, by using all means of propaganda, the "offering movement" has been infiltrated into every corner of urban and rural areas, in an attempt to carve the word "offering" into the minds of every Chinese, so as to enhance people's consciousness of "offering". Grain valley is an important activity of agricultural cooperatives under the war system. With the expansion of the war of aggression and the prolongation of the front, the demand for food in Japan is becoming more and more urgent. As the anti-fascist allies imposed an economic blockade on Japan, especially cut off Japan's ties with the outside world in terms of grain supply, the demand for military grain increased dramatically. In order to further use Northeast China as their main food supply base, the Japanese invaders strengthened the plunder of grain resources and carried out the policy of "grain valley load" in the Northeast. Grain Valley is Japan's plunder to meet the needs of the war, and the tragedy caused by it is everywhere and chilling. This kind of wild plunder not only makes the people of Northeast China live in an extremely pessimistic and terrible environment, but also seriously destroys the agricultural production in Northeast China. The National savings Movement is one of the important means for the Japanese and puppet authorities to extract the wealth of the working people. In order to meet the needs of the war of aggression, Japanese imperialism took all kinds of measures to search for wealth, spread the huge savings task to the people, and forced the completion of the task of "national savings," which undoubtedly put another burden on the shoulders of the people of Northeast China. It is with force as the backing of the Japanese pseudo-rulers to spare no effort to search the people of Northeast China, scraping every piece of iron, every grain of grain and every penny in the hands of the people, so that they are completely in a situation of pessimism and despair. The cruel exploitation and plunder of the people of Northeast China by the Japanese pseudo-rulers met the needs of the huge war, but the aggressive nature of the war doomed its inevitable fate of failure.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K265
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 李淑娟;;日伪统治时期“粮谷出荷”政策对东北农民生活的影响[J];社会科学战线;2006年05期
，本文编号：2509015
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