西藏开拓南亚市场及其特殊性研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 17:10

本文关键词：西藏开拓南亚市场及其特殊性研究　出处：《四川大学》2003年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 如何发挥西藏特有的地缘优势、人缘优势和资源优势，积极开拓南亚市场，促进西藏经济社会的更陕发展，是一个值得深入系统研究的问题。西藏开拓南亚市场还具有不同于一般意义上的开拓国际市场的特殊性：它既是经济贸易问题，又是涉及西藏社会稳定的政治问题，在边境地区，还是涉及边防安全的战略问题。因此，对西藏开拓南亚市场所具有的特殊性进行全面研究，很有必要。然而，学术界至今尚未对此予以足够的注意。笔者之所以选择这一课题，不仅是出于对这一问题的关注和希望能促进对有关问题的研究和认识，同时也希望从一个新的视角来更好地认识和思考西藏的开放、开发和稳定的相互关系。基于此，本稿在概述和分析西藏与南亚地区经贸往来发展状况的基础上，特别致力于以下问题的探讨：西藏开拓南亚市场的必要性及其特殊意义、国际及周边环境所形成的机遇与有利条件、开拓南亚市场所面临的特殊问题及其对策等。全文除绪论和结语外，共6章，分西藏与南亚经贸往来的历史与现状、开拓南亚市场的必要性、条件与环境、所面临的特殊问题及通道建设和对开拓南亚市场的前景展望四个部分逐次展开。文稿认为，在古代，西藏与南亚地区形成了上部阿里通过“吐蕃五大道”通至印度和克什米尔、通过聂拉木通往尼泊尔并进入印度这两条主要通路，除此之外，还形成了众多地区性自然通道，为西藏开展与南亚的经贸往来提供了有利条件。这样，早在松赞干布时期，吐蕃王朝就与天竺、尼婆罗等南亚地区进行频繁的文化交流和贸易往来。公元17世纪以后，这种经贸交往更趋频繁，四川大学博士论文清代还制定了相关的管理带峻。古代西藏与南亚邻国间的贸易是平等的和平往来，数额虽不大，但除了完成互通有无的经济职育沙卜，还发挥着促进相互文化传播与交流载体的特殊作用，而不仅仅是商业性质，这正是古代西藏与南亚邻国间的贸易往来之特殊性的体现。近现代西藏与南亚国家贸易往来的J性质发生了改变，通商成为英印殖民当局侵略、掠夺西藏的工具厂使西藏与南亚地区贸易关系中贯穿着反侵略与侵略的特殊内容。通过侵藏战争，英印殖民当局用武力打开西藏大!’〕，亚东开关通商，并成为藏印贸易的主要通道。经亚东口岸出口的主要是羊毛等畜牧产品，进口的主要是工业伟喊品。西藏逐渐沦为英印工业品蒯顷销市场。印藏贸易扩大和英印对西藏的侵略、掠夺加深，使西藏自给自足的自然经济在一定程度上和一定范围内受到外来资本主义商品货币关系的影响，西藏市场对与印度贸易的依就动口重，意味着西藏经济的封闭性开始被寸刀彼、与英印资本主义市场联系纽带的形成。在断中变化影响下，西藏经济转变成为具有二元特征的半殖民地经济，即在自给自足仍占绝对支配地位的同时，在一定范围和一定程度上为英印资本主义市场提供原料并消费其制成品的经济。印藏贸易对西藏政治的影响，是形成了一个既得利益集团，这是“西藏独立”活动产生的经济基础。印藏贸易对西藏社会的影响，是加重了广大民众的经济负担，使农牧民更加贫困。印藏贸易的发展虽然使西藏付出了极大代价，但从另一个角度来看，它使自古以来形成的西藏与南亚间的贸易关系在近现代继续保持和扩大，并形成两者之间较为紧密的市场联系纽带。这种客观存在的市场联系纽带，成为西霭拼口平解放后继续发展与南亚间贸易往来的基础。西藏和平解放初期，通过和平诊梦IJ解决了历史遗留的印度、尼泊尔在西藏种种特权的问题，重新确定了中国西藏与印度、尼泊尔之间的正常关系，西藏与南亚间的贸易往来继续发展。后来受中印关系变化的影响，1 962年以后中、印边境贸易中断，西藏与南亚间的贸易往来主要通过樟木等口岸与尼泊尔进行. 直至20佳丝己卯年代初，随着中印关系的改善，中印边境贸易刁得以恢复，但贸易额不大，历史上曾发挥印藏贸易主要商道作用的亚东口岸长期未育激复开放，极大地制约了西藏与印度间贸易往来的发展。受中印关系起伏的影响和达赖集团及国际反华势力的干扰，以及经济、交通方面的制约因素作用的结果，四川大学博士论文西藏与南亚间的经贸往来规模不大，水平不高，远不沁雹应加快发展和对外开放的需要。尽管如此改革开放以来，西藏边境贸易与过去相比，己经取得了显著发展，目前已占据西藏职寸外贸易“二分天下”的重要地位。不仅如此，边境贸易的发展还对相关地区的群众产生了培育商品经济意识、促进市场经济发展的良好经济效果，以及有利于富民兴边、维护边境地区稳定和祖国统一的良好政治效果。鉴于此，进一步扩大西藏边境贸易、积极开拓南亚市场，成为西藏加快发展，，加沐汉寸夕卜开放的战略选择。本稿指出，我国加入WID和实施西部大开发司钾各，使西藏经济社会发展面临新的机遇和拟磁，以大开放促大开发，是西藏实现跨越式发展的战略选择。积极开拓南亚市场，是扩大西藏对外开放的重要内容，具有历史的必然性。开拓南亚市场有利于改变西藏不利的区位条件，扩大对外开放;有利于培育商品经济意识，改变自然经济状?
[Abstract]:How to play the Tibet unique geographical advantages, personal advantage and resource advantages, actively explore the South Asian market, to promote Tibet's economic and social development faster, is a worthy of further study. The system of Tibet opening the South Asian markets also has to develop the international market is different from the general sense: it is not only economic and trade issues. It is a political problem relates to social stability in Tibet, in the border area, it is a strategy issue concerning border security. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the particularity of Tibet opening the South Asian markets. It is very necessary. However, the academic circles has not paid enough attention to this subject. The author chose this topic, not only is out of concern on this issue and hope to promote the recognition and Research on the relevant issues, but also hope that from a new perspective to better understanding and thinking of Tibet open, open The relationship between development and stability. Based on this, this paper based in the overview and analysis of trade development in Tibet and South Asia, especially the following issues: the necessity for Tibet to open the South Asian markets and its special significance, the formation of international and surrounding environment opportunities and favorable conditions for opening the South Asian market faces the special problems and countermeasures.
The full text, besides the introduction and conclusion, has 6 chapters. It divides the history and current situation of economic and trade exchanges between Tibet and South Asia, and explores the necessity, conditions and environment for opening up the South Asian market, the special problems faced, and the four parts of the channel construction and the prospect of developing the South Asian market.
The author argues that, in ancient times, Tibet and South Asia region formed by the upper part of Ali "Tibet five Avenue" through India and Kashmir, through Nielamu to Nepal and India into the two major pathways, in addition, also formed a natural channel in many areas, providing favorable conditions for Tibet to carry out economic and trade exchanges with South Asia so, in the early Song Xan Gan Bbu period, the Tubo Dynasty and Tianzhu, for cultural exchanges and trade, such as the frequent South Asia. After seventeenth Century, the economic and trade exchanges are more frequent,
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The Qing Dynasty also established a related management belt. The trade between the ancient Tibet and the South Asian neighbouring countries was equal and peaceful.
However, the amount is small, but it also promotes mutual culture in addition to the completion of the economic and vocational education.
The special role of the carrier of communication and communication, not only commercial nature, is the ancient Tibet and South Asian neighbours.
The embodiment of the particularity of trade between countries.
The J nature of the trade between Tibet and the South Asian countries has changed in modern times, and it has become an English and Indian colony.
The Bureau of aggression and the plundering of the tool factory of Tibet made the trade relations between Tibet and the South Asian region wear anti aggression and aggression.
Special content. Through the war of invasion of Tibet, the British and Indian colonial authorities opened Tibet big by force, and Ya Dong switched on.
Business, and become the main channel of the Tibetan and Indian trade. The main export of the Ya Dong port is wool and other livestock products.
Imports are mainly industrial products. Tibet gradually become Wei called for the British Indian industrial products market. Trade expanded Quine Qing Tibet
The invasion and exploitation of Tibet was deepened by the Great Britain and India, which made Tibet's self-sufficient natural economy to a certain extent.
And the influence of the foreign capitalist commodity currency relationship in a certain range, the Tibet market to India trade
According to the dynamic mean closed times, Tibet's economy began to be a tool for, and the British Indian capitalism market
The formation of the bond. Under the influence of the change, the Tibet economy turned into a semi colony with two yuan characteristics.
The economy, at the same time that self-sufficiency still occupies an absolute dominant position, is in a certain extent and to a certain extent.
To provide raw materials and printing of capitalist market economy. The consumption of manufactured goods trade influence on the politics of Tibet tibet,
Is the formation of a vested interest group, which is the economic foundation of Tibet independence "Tibet trade activities.
The impact on the Tibet society is to aggravate the economic burden of the masses and make the farmers and herdsmen more impoverished.
Although the development of Tibetan trade has made Tibet pay a great price, from another point of view, it has made it ancient.
The trade relationship between Tibet and South Asia has been maintained and expanded in modern times and formed between the two.
The market more closely link. The objective existence of market ties, as Margaret West fight flat liberation
After that, we will continue to develop the basis for trade with South Asia.
In the early days of Tibet's peaceful liberation, Tibet resolved the legacy of India through a peaceful consultation dream in Tibet. Nepal was in Tibet
The question of all sorts of privileges redefines the normal relationship between Tibet and India, Nepal, Tibet
Trade with South Asia continued to develop. Later, it was influenced by the changes in Sino Indian relations. In the aftermath of 1962,
The trade between India and India was interrupted, and the trade between Tibet and South Asia was carried out mainly through ports such as camphor and Nepal.
Until 20 Jiasi discovered in the early 1990s, with the improvement of Sino Indian relations, Sino Indian border trade Diao to recover, but
The trade volume is not, history has play a major role in the Tibet business trade port Ya Dong long-term nonparous induced complex open
It greatly restricts the development of trade between Tibet and India. It is affected by the undulation of Sino Indian relations.
The interference of the Lai Group and the international anti Chinese forces, as well as the effects of the economic and traffic constraints,
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The economic and trade relations between Tibet and South Asia are not large and the level is not high. The hail of hail should be accelerated and open to the outside world.
In spite of this reform and opening up, the border trade in Tibet has been achieved in comparison with the past.
The significant development has already occupied the important position of "two parts of the world" in the foreign trade in Tibet.
The development of the border trade has also created a sense of commodity economy for the masses in the related areas and the promotion of the market economy.
The good economic effect of the exhibition is good for the prosperity of the people, and the stability of the border areas and the reunification of the motherland.
In view of this, the Tibet border trade will be further expanded and the South Asian market is actively exploited to become the West.
The strategy of accelerating the development of Tibet and the opening of the Lunar New Year's Eve is a strategic choice.
The draft points out that China's entry into the WID and the implementation of the potassium of the western development division make the economic and social development of Tibet
In the face of new opportunities and magnetics, the strategic choice for Tibet to achieve leapfrog development is to promote development with great openness.
Actively developing the South Asian market is an important part of opening up Tibet's opening to the outside world, with historical inevitability.
The South Asia market will help to change the unfavorable location conditions of Tibet, expand the opening to the outside world, and promote the cultivation of commodities.
Economic consciousness, change the natural economy?

【学位授予单位】：四川大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2003
【分类号】：K294

【引证文献】