1949年革命与上海城市生活风格变迁

发布时间：2018-01-08 04:19

本文关键词：1949年革命与上海城市生活风格变迁　出处：《华东师范大学》2005年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文主要讨论1949年革命成功前后,上海市民的生活风格变迁。具体而言,我们关注的是,在社会主义革命胜利以后,上海城市社会在日常生活层面发生了怎样的变化?城市生活风格变化,与城市社会结构变迁、思想发展之间有怎样的关系? 传统观点认为,“国家—社会”关系的改变,以及极权主义社会控制手段的加强,造成了1949年以后市民生活风格的全面改变。我们认为,市民生活风格不只是简单的社会现象,其中涉及到复杂而具体的文化因素。全面分析这一现象,就不仅要从客观的社会经济角度探讨生活风格的改变,也要从市民的主观角度去分析生活风格的具体功能及性质。基本上我们尝试从文化社会学的视角去讨论问题,相信只有这样,我们才能更好理解这一时期的社会和文化。我们引入了德国社会学的生活风格理论进行分析。我国社会学对人类生活的研究,大多是以“生活方式”作为核心概念使用。虽然“生活风格”和“生活方式”实际上探讨同样的主题,可是两者有着截然不同的理论内涵和发展路径。传统社会学研究中,“生活方式”往往作为阶级、阶层、群体差异的附属性概念,“生活风格”概念摆脱了附属性地位,逐渐成为一种独立的社会分类模式及分析工具。经过20余年的发展,生活风格研究已经形成了一套以“氛围”概念为核心的理论体系以及大量社会学实证研究。本研究发现,在1949年以前,上海社会逐渐形成了一种和中国传统乡村生活氛围截然不同的都市生活氛围,这一大氛围下面存在几种小氛围;在1949年以后,随着解放区生活氛围的进入,国家的力量一方面通过种种社会控制手段,消灭了原有城市生活氛围的生存基础;一方面在意识形态上推广新的价值观念,因此出现了生活风格的“职员化”等现象,最后形成了一直影响到现在的上海生活氛围。在这一生活风格变迁的过程中,文化意义非常明显。本文的章节安排如下。第一章是导言,第二章主要处理一些基本的理论问题,包括生活风格理论的发展史、“生活氛围”概念、“城市性”等问题;第三章在此基础上提出本文所使用的基本的概念体系和分析框架;第四章讨论解放前上海市民的都市生活氛围,都市生活氛围与城市社会、文化之间的复杂关系;第五章讨论解放之后,国家力量通过社会改造、意识形态动员等方式,试图用解放区生活氛围改造都市生活氛围的过程和途径,经过这一过程之后形成了上海生活氛围,最终影响到当代上海的社会和文化。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly discusses the changes of Shanghai people's life style before and after the success of the revolution in 1949. Specifically, we are concerned about the victory of the socialist revolution. What changes have taken place in Shanghai's urban society at the level of daily life? What is the relationship between the change of urban life style and the change of urban social structure and the development of ideology? The traditional view is that the change of the "state-society" relationship, as well as the strengthening of totalitarian means of social control, has resulted in an overall change in the style of life of citizens after 1949. The style of life of citizens is not only a simple social phenomenon, but also involves complex and concrete cultural factors. To analyze this phenomenon comprehensively, we should not only discuss the change of life style from the perspective of objective social economy. We should also analyze the specific function and nature of life style from the subjective point of view of the citizens. Basically we try to discuss the problem from the perspective of cultural sociology. I believe this is the only way. Only then can we better understand the society and culture of this period. We introduce the life style theory of German sociology to analyze the study of human life in Chinese sociology. Most use "lifestyle" as a core concept, although "lifestyle" and "lifestyle" actually address the same theme. In the traditional sociological research, "life style" is often regarded as the adjunct attribute concept of class, stratum and group difference. After more than 20 years' development, the concept of "life style" has gradually become an independent social classification model and analysis tool. The study of life style has formed a set of theoretical system with the concept of "atmosphere" as the core and a large number of sociological empirical studies. This study found that before 1949, Shanghai society gradually formed a kind of urban life atmosphere that is completely different from the traditional Chinese rural life atmosphere, and there are several kinds of small atmosphere under this big atmosphere; After 1949, with the entry of the living atmosphere in the liberated areas, the national forces on the one hand eliminated the original urban living atmosphere by various means of social control; On the one hand, it popularizes the new values in ideology, so there appears the phenomenon of "functionalization" of life style. In the process of the change of life style, the cultural significance is very obvious. The first chapter is the introduction, the second chapter mainly deals with some basic theoretical issues, including the history of life style theory, the concept of "living atmosphere", "urban" and so on; The third chapter puts forward the basic conceptual system and analysis framework used in this paper. Chapter 4th discusses the urban life atmosphere of Shanghai citizens before liberation, the complex relationship between urban life atmosphere and urban society and culture; Chapter 5th discusses the process and approach of transforming urban life atmosphere by means of social reform and ideological mobilization after liberation. After this process, the Shanghai life atmosphere was formed, and finally affected the contemporary Shanghai society and culture.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2005
【分类号】：K295.1

【引证文献】