裕固族文化谱系解读及其现代性研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 06:11

本文关键词：裕固族文化谱系解读及其现代性研究　出处：《兰州大学》2007年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 裕固族有着悠久的历史，他们的历史和文化是欧亚腹地(Central Eurasian)游牧民族历史和文化的缩影。裕固族的历史集中了战争、迁徙、分裂、融合、兴衰等一切戏剧的要素，在一幕幕交替上演的悲喜剧中，裕固人形成了自己独特的具有鲜明谱系学(Genealogy)特征的民族文化。本文的第二至第六章对裕固族的历史、宗教、语言、婚俗及文学谱系给予了分析和解读：宗教信仰上，裕固族及其先民，先后信仰过萨满教、袄教、摩尼教、汉传佛教和藏传佛教，最后他们选择了藏传佛教。这种集多种成分为一体的混合型宗教文化是裕固族宗教信仰的显著特征，它既是理解裕固族历史的关键环节，也是其宗教出现弱化趋势的主导性因素之一。文字、语言上，裕固族现在使用汉字，没有本民族的文字，主要操三种语言：东部裕固语、西部裕固语和汉语。裕固语使用状况大体可分为裕固语、汉语双语区，东西部裕固语、汉语多语区和汉语单语区(裕固语缺失区)。在现代化语境下，裕固族对本族语基本上持肯定性态度，但肯定性的程度却随着民族语分布地域和民族成员个体的不同而有不小的变化。裕固族的婚姻分为正式婚姻和非正式婚姻，制约和影响裕固族婚姻形式的主要因素有：经济、宗教、母权制遗俗、传统文化等。裕固族婚礼有五项程序：送亲、打尖、踏房、入门、证婚，表现出女子与婆家分离—隔离—融合的过程。这些风俗都是历史和传统文化的积淀。裕固族的民间文学记载着裕固族的历史、社会、文化和宗教变迁，神话多以原始信仰和古老的宗教意识为基底；叙事诗承载着本民族的历史，留藏着对先民们的永恒追忆。在裕固族的民间文学谱系中，神话、叙事诗的内容和意味并非泾渭分明、各不相关，而是相互包含和掺杂着宗教、历史、战争、生活等多种元素。二十世纪八十年代以后，裕固族人的生活发生了翻天覆地的变化。本文以田野调查来反映这种剧烈的社会变迁，除了第四章语言的变迁以外，本文的第七章集中分析了裕固族乡村的家庭嬗变。文章通过历史资料和田野调查发现，受公共政策等多种因素的影响，裕固族逐步实现了定居，但他们的畜牧业生产仍离不开牧场，出现了生产地与定居点的分离。这种分离直接导致了该村裕固族整个家庭社会的变迁。在两地分离的特殊背景下裕固族传统文化发生了巨大的变化，出现了断裂与多元化并存的趋势。裕固族这种独一无二的历史和文化是文化谱系学分析和研究的最佳样本。而本文也通过谱系学这一具有现代性语境意义的分析方法和话语方式，，搭建起了文化型民族得以与西方文明对话的桥梁，最终试图通过文化谱系学的分析方法在现代化的叙事框架中烛照裕固族乃至中国少数民族文化演进的趋势和方向一内源性现代化之路。
[Abstract]:Yugur have a long history, their history and culture is the Eurasian hinterland Central Eurasian) nomadic history and culture epitomized. The Yugur history concentrated on the war, migration. The elements of all drama, such as division, fusion, rise and fall, in the vicissitudes of tragicomedy. Yugu people have formed their own unique national culture with distinctive genealogy (Genealogy) characteristics. The second to 6th chapters of the Yugur nationality history, religion, language. The marriage custom and literature pedigree are analyzed and interpreted. Religious belief, Yugur and their ancestors, have believed in Shamanism, pacification, Manichaeism, Han Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism. Finally, they chose Tibetan Buddhism, a mixed religious culture with many components as a whole, which is a prominent feature of Yugur religious belief, which is the key link in understanding Yugur history. It is also one of the leading factors of the weakening trend of religion. In terms of characters and languages, the Yugur people now use Chinese characters without the characters of their own ethnic groups. They mainly speak three languages: the eastern Yugu language, the western Yugu language and the Chinese language. The use of Yugur language can be divided into Yugu language on the whole. Chinese bilingual area, eastern and western Yugu language, Chinese multilingual area and Chinese monolingual region (Yugur missing area). In the modern context, Yugur basically has a positive attitude towards the native language. However, the degree of certainty varies with the distribution of ethnic languages and individual ethnic members. Yugur marriage is divided into formal marriage and informal marriage, the main factors that restrict and influence Yugur marriage form are: economy, religion, patriarchal custom. Traditional culture and so on. Yugur wedding has five procedures:. Sending relatives, beating points, treading houses, getting started, marriage, show the process of separation-separation-fusion between women and their mother-in-law. These customs are the accumulation of history and traditional culture. Yugur folk literature records the history, society, culture and religious changes of Yugur nationality. The mythology is based on primitive belief and ancient religious consciousness. Narrative poetry bears the history of this nation and keeps the eternal memory of the ancestors. In the folklore pedigree of Yugur people, the content and meaning of mythology and narrative poetry are not distinct and irrelevant. But each other contains and mixed with religion, history, war, life and many other elements. After 1980s, the life of Yugur people has changed dramatically. This paper uses field investigation to reflect this drastic social change, except for the change of language in 4th chapters. Chapter 7th focuses on the family evolution of Yugur villages. Through historical data and field investigation, it is found that the Yugur ethnic group gradually realized settlement under the influence of public policy and other factors. But their livestock production is still dependent on pastures. The separation of the production place and the settlement directly led to the change of the whole family and society of Yugur in this village. Under the special background of the separation of the two places, the traditional culture of Yugur has undergone tremendous changes. There is a trend of coexistence of fracture and diversification. The unique history and culture of Yugur are the best samples for the analysis and research of cultural genealogy. It has built the bridge between the cultural nationality and the western civilization. Finally, the author tries to illuminate the trend and direction of the cultural evolution of Yugur nationality and even Chinese minority nationality in the modern narrative frame through the analysis method of cultural genealogy, that is, the way of endogenous modernization.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：K28

【引证文献】