从腹地到边镇:明代陕西镇的形成与演变

发布时间：2018-03-19 14:16

本文选题：明代　切入点：陕西镇　出处：《中国历史地理论丛》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：陕西镇是明代九边之一。但目前学界普遍将固原镇等同于陕西镇,认为固原镇的历史就是陕西镇的全部历史。本文以为,固原镇只是陕西镇后一个阶段。陕西镇经历了一个形成与演变的过程。天顺初,随着河套蒙古活动加剧,陕西镇守武将重设,陕西成为军镇。此后,为更好抵御蒙古,陕西镇守总兵开始移驻固原,其职责也以专门防御蒙古为主,正德时,陕西镇成为边镇,并名列九边之中。嘉靖初期,陕西总兵专驻固原成为定制,于是渐有固原镇的称呼,二者合二为一,最终固原镇的称呼成为主流。不过这仅是因地俗称的结果,其他制度并未改变。陕西镇形成与演变的历史,反映的是明中后期北部防线内缩所造成的内地边防化的尴尬和无奈。
[Abstract]:Shaanxi Town is one of the nine sides of Ming Dynasty. But at present, the academic circles generally equate Guyuan Town with Shaanxi Town, and think that the history of Guyuan Town is the whole history of Shaanxi Town. Guyuan Town is only the latter stage of Shaanxi Town. Shaanxi Town experienced a process of formation and evolution. In the early days of Tianshun, with the intensification of Hetao Mongolia activities, Shaanxi Zhenshou Wu will be re-established, and Shaanxi will become a military town. After that, in order to better resist Mongolia, The general army of Shaanxi Zhenshou began to move to Guyuan, and its duties were mainly dedicated to defending Mongolia. In Zhengde, the town of Shaanxi became the border town, and it was listed among the nine sides. In the early period of Jiajing, the general army of Shaanxi was specially stationed in Guyuan as a custom, so it gradually became the name of Guyuan town. In the end, the title of Guyuan Town became the mainstream. But this was only the result of the local common name, and other systems had not changed. The history of the formation and evolution of Shaanxi Town, It reflects the embarrassment and helplessness caused by the contraction of the northern line of defense in the middle and late Ming Dynasty.
【作者单位】：陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院;
【分类号】：K29

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