宁乡城变迁研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 00:25

本文选题：宁乡城 + 变迁　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：宁乡县位于湘中偏东北,隶属于长沙市。在漫长的历史长河中,宁乡城曲折地发展,积累了深厚的文化底蕴。本文试图从历史地理学的角度,通过梳理宁乡城的变迁过程,总结经验教训,以期为宁乡城的发展提供借鉴和参考。这个地区三国时期曾置新阳县,隋唐时期被省并,北宋初年设置宁乡县,至今已有一千多年的历史。在漫长的岁月里,大量外来人口迁入宁乡县,对当地风俗习惯的形成产生了深远的影响。宁乡县山地丘陵较多,水源充足,气候温暖,土壤质量一般。玉潭镇是全县的政治中心,交通便利,经济状况相对较好。宁乡县境内最早的城址是位于西部的黄材镇炭河里,早已毁坏。三国时期设置新阳县时,城址位于横市镇。西晋时期,城址东迁,具体地点不详。北宋设置宁乡县时,城址选在玉潭镇,此后再无变动。在宁乡县千余年的历史中,县城基本上没有城墙。明崇祯年间(1627—1644),曾垒石作为城墙,不久便毁坏。清代县人也有过修筑城墙的提议,但最终未能动工。县城基本上以木栅作为城墙,城门均有石筑城关,以为防御。随着城市的发展,城内建筑种类和数量也逐渐增加。清代宁乡城形成了以县署为中心,书院、寺观、店铺等为补充的城市平面格局。宁乡城的人口数量随着政治局势的变化而有所起伏,但总体上是逐步增加的。据笔者推算,明洪武二十四年(1391),宁乡城人口数为1490;万历四十二年(1614),宁乡城人口数为9996,人口年平均增长率大约为8.6‰。清乾隆四十一年(1776),宁乡城人口数大约为10774。民国十九年(1930),宁乡城人口数为17208。从1776年到1930年,县城人口年平均增长率在3‰左右。宁乡县经济以农业为主,水稻种植是全县最重要的经济部门。在很长一段时间里,宁乡县每年输出的米谷约占全省的十分之一。杂粮、经济作物种植也是全县种植业的重要组成部分。红薯、豆类在全县广为种植。沩山茶是全县上好的茶叶,远销西北地区,受到官僚贵族的青睐。宁乡猪的饲养则是该县畜牧业的重要部分。宁乡城的经济也有所发展。同治年间(1862—1874),县城有商店300余家,基本上能够满足居民的基本生活需求,但是商业的整体水平仍然较低。随着经济的发展,宁乡县的教育事业也取得了一定的进步。明清时期宁乡县的科举成就远胜于宋元时期,县学、书院等教育机构也从无到有、由少到多,为宁乡县的教育发展作出了贡献。宁乡县作为佛教沩仰宗的发源地,佛教得到了很大的发展,沩山密印寺是全县最重要的寺院。道教、基督教、天主教在宁乡的传播,与佛教相比有不小的差距。民国时期,邪教组织同善社也曾在宁乡县存在。在漫长的历史长河中,宁乡县也涌现了许多历史文化名人,他们对宁乡城的发展也产生过一定的影响。新中国成立以后,宁乡城得到了很大的发展。改革开放以来,宁乡城发展尤为迅速。2014年,城区面积达40平方公里,是建国前的20余倍。但是,由于城市整体规划时间较晚,导致城市历史文化遗迹遭到破坏。全县的自然灾害逐渐增多,对县城的发展也极为不利。在这种情况之下,我们必须解决好城镇化进程中出现的突出问题,将宁乡城的建设与保护协调起来,科学开发境内的旅游资源,使宁乡城又好又快地发展。
[Abstract]:Ningxiang county is located in the northeast of Hunan Province, which belongs to the Changsha city. In the long history, Ningxiang city has developed zigzag and accumulated deep cultural background. This article tries to sum up the experience and lessons from the historical geography point of view, in order to provide reference and reference for the development of Ningxiang city. During the period of the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Xinyang County was set up in Xinyang County and Ningxiang county was set up in the first year of the Northern Song Dynasty. It has been one thousand years old. In the long years, a large number of foreign people moved into Ningxiang County, which had a profound influence on the formation of local customs and habits. There are many mountains and hills in Ningxiang County, the water is abundant, the climate is warm, and the soil quality is general. Yu Tan town is general. It is the political center of the whole county, the traffic is convenient and the economic condition is relatively good. The earliest city site in Ningxiang county is in the western yellow wood Town, the charcoal River, which has long been destroyed. When the new Yang county was set up in the Three Kingdoms period, the city site was located in the city of transverse city. In the Western Jin period, the city site moved eastward and the specific location was unknown. When the northern song was set up in Ningxiang County, the city site was selected in Yutan Town, after then, the city site was selected and then then again No change. In the history of more than a thousand years of Ningxiang County, the county town has basically no walls. Ming Chong Zhen years (1627 - 1644), Zeng Shi Shi as a city wall, soon destroyed. The Qing Dynasty county people also had the proposal to build the city wall, but eventually failed to work. The county city was basically a wooden fence as a wall, the gate had stone construction, thought defense. Along with the city's hair. The type and number of buildings in the city have gradually increased. The city of Ningxiang in the Qing Dynasty formed a urban pattern with the center of the County Department, the Academy, the temple, the shop and so on. The population of Ningxiang City fluctuated with the change of the political situation, but in general, it was gradually increased. According to the author, Ming Hongwu was twenty-four years (1391) and Ningxiang city people. The number of mouth is 1490, the number of Ningxiang city population is 9996, the population of Ningxiang city is 9996, the average annual growth rate of the population is about 8.6 per thousand. The number of Ningxiang city population is about 10774. and nineteen years (1930), and the population of Ningxiang city is 17208. from 1776 to 1930. The average annual growth rate of the county city population is around 3 per thousand. The economy of Ningxiang county is on the basis of the economy of Ningxiang county. Agricultural mainly, rice planting is the most important economic sector in the whole county. In a long period of time, the rice grain output in Ningxiang County accounts for about 1/10 of the whole province. The crops are also an important part of the county's planting industry. Ningxiang pig breeding is an important part of the animal husbandry in the county. The economy of Ningxiang city is also developing. In the period of tongzhi (1862 - 1874), there are more than 300 stores in the county city, which can basically meet the basic needs of the residents, but the overall level of business is still low. With the development of the economy, the education in Ningxiang County In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the achievements of Ningxiang County in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were far better than the song and Yuan Dynasties, and the counties and academies and other educational institutions were also from nowhere, and from less to more, contributing to the development of education in Ningxiang county. As the birthplace of Buddhism, Ningxiang county was the birthplace of Buddhism, and the Buddhist temple was the most important in the county. The spread of the monasteries, Taoism, Christianity and Catholicism in Ningxiang has no small gap compared with Buddhism. In the period of the Republic of China, the cult organizations and the good society also existed in Ningxiang county. In the long historical river, many historical and cultural celebrities emerged in Ningxiang county. They also had a certain influence on the development of Ningxiang city. After the founding of new China, The city of Ningxiang has been greatly developed. Since the reform and opening up, the development of Ningxiang city has been particularly rapid in.2014 years. The area of the city is 40 square kilometers, which is more than 20 times before the founding of the people's Republic. However, the city's historical and cultural relics have been destroyed because of the late planning of the whole city. The natural disasters in the county are increasing gradually and the development of the county is also extremely unfavorable. In this case, we must solve the outstanding problems in the process of urbanization, coordinate the construction and protection of Ningxiang City, and develop the tourist resources in China in a scientific way, and make the Ningxiang city develop well and quickly.

【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K29

【参考文献】