从市公所到区公所——20世纪上半叶无锡城区管理体制的演变与分析

发布时间：2018-06-06 09:33

本文选题：市公所 + 区公所　；参考：《安徽史学》2012年02期

【摘要】：20世纪上半叶,在中国政局的大变迁中,城区管理体制也发生了"范式"更替,开始从分散到集中,从绅治到官治。本文以无锡为例,具体描述这种变化的轨迹:20世纪初年,小小的无锡县城里有两个县衙,城区管理碎片化,完整的行政区域被各层级的行政区切成块状分别进行管理;1910年市自治公所成立后,实行城乡分治,城区管理一体化;国民党执政后,"国家"加强了对"社会"的控制与渗透,由绅商掌控的地方性行政系统"市公所"被国家行政系统"区公所"所替代,城区管理由"自治"转为"官治",走向行政化与官僚化。但以钱孙卿为首的绅商们依托商会、县市公产公款管理委员会等合法社团,继续干预城区管理与地方政治,国民政府在地方所推行的行政化遇到绅商强有力的挑战,只得适可而止。
[Abstract]:In the first half of the 20th century, in the great changes of Chinese political situation, the "paradigm" of urban management system also changed, beginning from dispersion to concentration, from gentry to official. This paper, taking Wuxi as an example, specifically describes the track of this change in the early years of the 20th century. In the small Wuxi county town, there are two county governors, and the urban management is fragmented. The complete administrative areas were cut into blocks at all levels of administrative districts to be managed separately; after the establishment of municipal autonomous offices in 1910, urban and rural areas were divided and urban management was integrated; after the Kuomintang came to power, the "state" strengthened its control and infiltration of "society". The local administrative system "city office" controlled by gentry and merchants was replaced by the national administrative system "district office", and the urban area management changed from "autonomy" to "official administration", and moved towards administration and bureaucracy. However, the gentry and merchants headed by Qian Sunqing continued to interfere in the management of urban areas and local politics, relying on legal associations such as the Chamber of Commerce, the county and city public property and public funds management committees, and the Kuomintang government faced a strong challenge from the gentry and merchants in the implementation of the local administration. We have to stop at the right time.
【作者单位】：江南大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目《地方精英与社会管理——基于民国时期无锡城区的分析》(11YJAZH085)的阶段性研究成果
【分类号】：K29

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