明清时期江西重赋问题与地方社会：以南昌、袁州、瑞州三府为中心

发布时间：2018-06-07 21:06

本文选题：明清 + 江西　；参考：《江西师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 明清时期,赋重东南,除江南地区以外,江西也是重赋地区。江西的重赋区主要是南昌、袁州、瑞州三府,这三府重赋历经元、明、清三朝。元末群雄蜂起,三府成为陈友谅的根据地,为抗衡朱元璋,陈友谅在三府浮征,三府重赋由此发端。明初,陈友谅势力的始终存在,财政政策的驱使,以及江西士大夫与江南文人间的政治联系,是朱元璋政治压制江西的原因。三府重赋因此相沿未改。明中期,国家财税空乏,江西地域社会动荡,统治者对三府重赋适时进行政策调整,由最初的均衡赋税标准,至后来的“一条鞭法”改革。明末,国家内忧外患,吏治腐败,“一条鞭法”废弛,“三饷”加派使三府重赋雪上加霜,社会矛盾进一步激化。清初,出于稳定人心巩固统治的需要,对三府浮赋加以清汰,而在清汰过程中,产生了诸多的浮赋纠纷。在这一问题产生、演变、最终解决或部分解决的过程中,地方社会采取形式多样的抗争,里民逋赋、逃亡甚至揭竿而起,乡绅士民连篇累牍地“诉讼”。每当朝代更替、政策调整、社会矛盾激化之时,诉讼高潮迭起,成为三府重赋问题的“重头戏”。后来的高安、新昌、武宁及万载浮赋纠纷也可见重赋问题对江西区域社会经济的发展影响深远。
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Fu emphasized the southeast, in addition to the Jiangnan region, Jiangxi is also the re-Fu area. Jiangxi's re-Fu areas are mainly Nanchang, Yuan Zhou, Ruizhou Sanfu, these three re-Fu Yuan, Ming, Qing three dynasties. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the three provinces became the base area of Chen You-shen. In the early Ming Dynasty, the existence of Chen You-shen 's power, the drive of fiscal policy, and the political connection between the literati and the literati in Jiangnan were the reasons for the political suppression of Jiangxi by Zhu Yuanzhang. Three Fu Fu, therefore, along with the phase has not been changed. In the middle of Ming Dynasty, the country was empty of finance and tax, and the regional society of Jiangxi province was unstable. The rulers adjusted the policy of the three governments in time, from the initial standard of balanced taxation to the later reform of "one whip law". At the end of Ming Dynasty, the internal and external troubles of the country, the corruption of the officials, the abolition of the "one whip law" and the "three pay" increase made the three governments more difficult and the social contradictions were further intensified. In the early Qing Dynasty, in order to stabilize the people's mind and consolidate the rule, the three Fu Fu was eliminated, and in the process of Qing Dynasty, there were many disputes. In the process of the emergence, evolution, final solution or partial solution of this problem, the local society took various forms of protest, Li Min Bu Fu, fleeing and even rising up, and the gentry and the people filed a series of "lawsuits". When dynasties change, policy adjustment, and social contradictions intensify, litigation rises one after another and becomes the "important play" of the three governments. Later, the disputes between Gao'an, Xinchang, Wuning and Wanzaifu also had a profound impact on the development of Jiangxi's regional social economy.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：K29;F812.9;K248

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