从“种人”纪述到“人种”之分——元至清地方志中的滇西民族分类

发布时间：2018-06-16 12:02

本文选题：知识断裂 + “种人”　；参考：《云南社会科学》2017年06期

【摘要】：元以来云南方志中所记之"种人"名称及分类,至清末以多种形式进入当时新学中的"人种"或"民族"知识系统,且存在较大差异。这一点反映在同样是在近代种族、民族观念指导下晚清的两种滇西民族分类中,《腾越乡土志》汲取清代道光以来的"种人"分类,而杨发锐《腾越人种考》则是吸收明代至清代早期的一套"种人"分类系统。在理念和话语上,杨发锐要比寸开泰等人"新",但其所据以为本的传统知识,产生时间却要早于后者。观念之"新"与知识之"旧"之间的反差,可说明中国近代传统与现代知识体系之间的断裂,也就是历史记忆的延续与知识体系的断裂,反映出中国这样一个具有深厚多民族历史传统的国家向现代民族国家转型的复杂性。
[Abstract]:Since the Yuan Dynasty, the names and classifications of "species" recorded in Fang Zhi of Yunnan Province have entered into the "ethnic" or "national" knowledge systems in various forms in the late Qing Dynasty, and there are great differences between them. This is also reflected in the two kinds of ethnic classification in the late Qing Dynasty under the guidance of modern race and national concept. "Teng Yue Local Records" derives from the classification of "species" since the Qing Dynasty Dao Guang. Yang Fa-rui 's "Teng Yue" is a classification system of "species" from Ming Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty. In concept and discourse, Yang Fa-rui is "new" than Cun Kaitai and others, but the traditional knowledge based on it is produced earlier than the latter. The contrast between the concept of "new" and the "old" of knowledge can explain the rupture between traditional and modern knowledge system in modern China, that is, the continuity of historical memory and the rupture of knowledge system. It reflects the complexity of China's transition from a country with profound historical tradition of many nationalities to a modern nation-state.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所《民族研究》编辑部;
【分类号】：K29

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