民国时期甘宁青地方军阀与鸦片
发布时间：2019-04-15 19:27
【摘要】： 民国时期,甘宁青地方军阀与鸦片的问题是近代西北社会史中一个很有意义的研究课题。通过对这一问题的分析,不但可以加强对中国毒品史的研究,也可以深化人们对军阀混战时期甘宁青社会的认识。本文从鸦片传入甘肃、甘宁青地方军阀的鸦片经营及鸦片对甘宁青社会造成的影响三个方面展开论述。其中第二部分为本文重点,主要将民国时期甘宁青地区几个较有代表性的军阀的鸦片政策做一论述。即督甘的北洋军阀张广建、陆洪涛及西北军驻甘将领刘郁芬的鸦片政策;割据青海、宁夏的诸马军阀代表马步芳、马鸿逵的鸦片经营。他们或强迫农民种植鸦片,寓禁于征;或武装贩运鸦片于周边省份;或强购鸦片实行垄断专卖,致使鸦片大肆泛滥,西北人民身心倍受摧残,农村经济趋于破产,社会风气严重恶化。军阀与鸦片结下了不解之缘。军阀通过抽收鸦片税,经营鸦片贸易获取巨额利润,以维持其统治;鸦片在军阀的保护下大肆泛滥,危害社会,二者相互依存,相互为用。可以说,近代甘宁青地区社会经济的落后与鸦片的泛滥有密切关系。 本文在借鉴别人研究成果的基础上,对西北马家军阀的鸦片政策进行了系统的研究论述,对马步芳的“禁烟”政策采取一分为二的态度,较客观地论述了民国时期青海地区的禁烟工作。另外,对甘宁青地区的鸦片税收、鸦片贸易与地区财政、军费开支、其他商品贸易进行了量化比较,以增强论证的说服力。
[Abstract]:In the period of the Republic of China, the issue of local warlords and opium in Gansu, Ningqing and Qinghai was a significant research topic in the history of modern northwest society. The analysis of this problem can not only strengthen the study of the history of drugs in China, but also deepen people's understanding of the society of Gansu, Ningxia and Qing during the warlords' meltdown. In this paper, the opium was introduced into Gansu, the opium management of the local warlords in Gansu, and the influence of opium on the society of Gansu, Ningqing and Qinghai were discussed. The second part is the focus of this paper, mainly discusses the opium policy of several representative warlords in Gansu-Ningqing region during the period of the Republic of China. Namely Dogan's Northern warlord Zhang Guangjian, Lu Hongtao and Northwest Army General Liu Yufen's opium policy; under Qinghai, Ningxia's horse warlords represented Ma Bufang, Ma Honggui's opium business. They either forced farmers to grow opium and conscripted, or armed trafficking in opium in the surrounding provinces; Or forced purchase of opium monopoly, resulting in a massive flood of opium, northwest people suffered physical and mental destruction, rural economy tends to bankrupt, social atmosphere seriously deteriorated. The warlords were inextricably linked to opium. Warlords earn huge profits by collecting opium tax and operating opium trade in order to maintain their domination. Under the protection of warlords, opium is flooding and endangering the society, and the two are interdependent and mutually useful. It can be said that the backwardness of social economy in Gansu-Ningqing area in modern times is closely related to the flood of opium. On the basis of learning from others' research results, this paper systematically studies and discusses the opium policy of the warlords of the Northwest Ma Family, and adopts a two-part attitude towards Ma Bufang's policy of "no smoking". This paper objectively discusses the anti-smoking work in Qinghai during the Republic of China. In addition, the opium tax, opium trade and regional finance, military expenditure and other commodity trade in Gansu-Ningqing region are quantitatively compared in order to enhance the persuasion of the argument.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K29
本文编号：2458424
[Abstract]:In the period of the Republic of China, the issue of local warlords and opium in Gansu, Ningqing and Qinghai was a significant research topic in the history of modern northwest society. The analysis of this problem can not only strengthen the study of the history of drugs in China, but also deepen people's understanding of the society of Gansu, Ningxia and Qing during the warlords' meltdown. In this paper, the opium was introduced into Gansu, the opium management of the local warlords in Gansu, and the influence of opium on the society of Gansu, Ningqing and Qinghai were discussed. The second part is the focus of this paper, mainly discusses the opium policy of several representative warlords in Gansu-Ningqing region during the period of the Republic of China. Namely Dogan's Northern warlord Zhang Guangjian, Lu Hongtao and Northwest Army General Liu Yufen's opium policy; under Qinghai, Ningxia's horse warlords represented Ma Bufang, Ma Honggui's opium business. They either forced farmers to grow opium and conscripted, or armed trafficking in opium in the surrounding provinces; Or forced purchase of opium monopoly, resulting in a massive flood of opium, northwest people suffered physical and mental destruction, rural economy tends to bankrupt, social atmosphere seriously deteriorated. The warlords were inextricably linked to opium. Warlords earn huge profits by collecting opium tax and operating opium trade in order to maintain their domination. Under the protection of warlords, opium is flooding and endangering the society, and the two are interdependent and mutually useful. It can be said that the backwardness of social economy in Gansu-Ningqing area in modern times is closely related to the flood of opium. On the basis of learning from others' research results, this paper systematically studies and discusses the opium policy of the warlords of the Northwest Ma Family, and adopts a two-part attitude towards Ma Bufang's policy of "no smoking". This paper objectively discusses the anti-smoking work in Qinghai during the Republic of China. In addition, the opium tax, opium trade and regional finance, military expenditure and other commodity trade in Gansu-Ningqing region are quantitatively compared in order to enhance the persuasion of the argument.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：K29
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 吴孟显;;宁夏建省前后的城乡市场结构[J];宁夏社会科学;2011年04期
2 张丽坤;;近三十年西北近现代禁毒史研究综述[J];山西农业大学学报(社会科学版);2012年02期
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相关博士学位论文 前1条
1 尚季芳;民国时期甘肃毒品与禁毒问题研究[D];四川大学;2007年
相关硕士学位论文 前7条
1 张小树;国民军入甘及社会影响[D];西北民族大学;2010年
2 刘强;二十世纪三四十年代河西开发主张与实践研究[D];兰州大学;2010年
3 陈蕊;近代安徽烟毒与禁烟[D];安徽大学;2010年
4 竺海霞;晚清甘肃省罂粟地税研究[D];河北师范大学;2010年
5 张丽坤;建国初期甘肃毒品危害与禁毒研究（1950-1958）[D];西北师范大学;2012年
6 韩高飞;国民军在临夏的军政活动及影响研究[D];西北民族大学;2012年
7 杨学强;北洋时期“甘肃八镇”研究[D];西北民族大学;2012年
，本文编号：2458424
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