桑贾尔时期（1097-1157年）塞尔柱王朝与中亚诸政权、部落的政治关系

发布时间：2018-01-03 13:01

本文关键词：桑贾尔时期（1097-1157年）塞尔柱王朝与中亚诸政权、部落的政治关系　出处：《新疆师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：塞尔柱人起源于操突厥语族语言的乌古斯人，因其首领塞尔柱而得名。塞尔柱人在10世纪之前生活在锡尔河北岸草原上。到10世纪时，他们开始参与中亚诸政权的角逐，后来逐渐强盛。11世纪中叶，在亚洲腹地建立了塞尔柱王朝，苏丹马立克沙时期塞尔柱王朝一度进入极盛时期。然而，1092年马立克沙死后，诸子纷争，帝国四分五裂。在叙利亚、克尔曼、小亚细亚等地先后出现了一些小王朝。桑贾尔作为塞尔柱家族成员中的长者，于1119年联合四个附属政权的首领，率领强大的军队西进，基本上统一了塞尔柱王朝。本文拟对桑贾尔时期(1097 1157)塞尔柱王朝与喀喇汗王朝、花剌子模沙政权、西辽、乌古斯等中亚诸政权、部落的政权关系进行论述。在桑贾尔统治的60余年中，努力控制河中地区及维持塞尔柱王朝的版图。塞尔柱人通过扶持喀喇汗王朝统治者，与喀喇汗王朝保持着臣属关系。对于花剌子模政权，由于阿特西兹的反叛，桑贾尔不得不出兵攻打，虽然阿特西兹表示臣属于桑贾尔苏丹，但是花剌子模政权的不断扩大，已不能为塞尔柱王朝所控制。12世纪初，西辽王朝入主中亚，，于1141年与塞尔柱王朝在卡特万草原展开了一场规模宏大的战役，此次战役给了塞尔柱人以沉重打击。卡特万战役之后，中亚河中地区的政治格局发生了新的变化。桑贾尔的军事冒险行动引起了财政危机，沉重的赋税负担引起了阿姆河上游骨咄和吐火罗地区的乌古斯人的反抗。内部乌古斯人的反抗，使得大塞尔柱王朝的势力迅速的衰落了。西辽统治了河中全境，伽色尼王朝、喀喇汗王朝和花剌子模沙这些政权相继成为了西辽的属国。
[Abstract]:A Turkic-speaking Ugusian named after its leader Serzhu who lived on the prairie on the northern shore of the Sier River until 10th century until 10th century. They began to take part in the struggle for political power in Central Asia. Later, in the middle of the 11th century, the Selzhu dynasty was established in the hinterland of Asia, and the Sultan Malik Shah dynasty was once at its peak. In 1092, after Mareksha's death, the empire was torn apart. In Syria, Kerman, Asia minor and other places, there were some small dynasties. Sanjal was an elder member of the Serzhu family. In 1119, the leaders of the four subordinate regimes, led a strong army westward, basically unified the Serzhu dynasty. This paper discusses the political relations between the Serzhu dynasty and the Kalahan dynasty, the Kwarizimusha regime, the Xiliao regime, the Uguls regime in Central Asia, and so on during the Sanjar period (1097 / 1157). During the more than 60 years of Sanjal's reign, he worked hard to control the middle of the river and to maintain the territory of the Serzhu dynasty. The Selzhu people supported the rulers of the Kalahan dynasty. Kwarizimu regime, Sanjal had to send troops to attack as a result of Attiz's rebellion, although Artesiz said that his subjects belonged to Sangar Sultan. However, the constant expansion of the Kwarizimu regime could not be controlled by the Serzhu dynasty. At the beginning of the 12th century, the Western Liao Dynasty entered Central Asia. In 1141, a grand battle was launched with the Selzhu dynasty on the Katewan grasslands, which dealt a heavy blow to the Selzhu people. After the Battle of Katewan. New changes have taken place in the political landscape in the middle of the Central Asian Rivers. Sanjal's military adventure caused a financial crisis. The heavy tax burden caused resistance by the Uguis in the upper reaches of the Amu River and the Tuoluo area. The internal resistance of the Oguls led to the rapid decline of the power of the Grand Serzhu dynasty. The Western Liao ruled the whole of the river. The Gassenian dynasty, the Kalahan dynasty and the Kwarizimusa regime became the dependency states of the Western Liao Dynasty one after another.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：K246.1

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