西晋前期统治的若干问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 00:40

本文关键词： 曹魏政治司马氏政权权力分配　出处：《重庆师范大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自东汉末年战乱不断军阀割据各自为政，曹操依托“挟天子以令诸侯”的政治优势重新统一北方，奠定了日后全国统一的基础，同时也为日后以魏代晋打下了牢固的根基。而更为明显的是曹操开创了中国历史上以丞相身份弱化君权并最终夺取君权的先例。既而，，随之而起的司马氏祖孙三代经过苦心经营最终取代曹氏重新使海内归一。而司马氏在曹魏时期的夺权经营过程当中，除了在中央极力分化、拉拢士族阶层使其承认其政权的合法性之外，而在地方，则让司马氏亲族子弟镇守其咽喉之地，以达到掌控内外的目的。最终司马氏集团代魏而立，在承袭曹魏时期的一系列政治制度的同时，更多的是对其在批判的基础上对政治权力机构进行重新构建。但随着时势的发展，各种矛盾接踵而至且积弊日深。继之而起的晋武帝作为一个守成之君延续其祖辈的一贯政策，大封宗室子弟为王并让其独挡一面，形成了藩王林立、尾大不掉的局面。其间，晋武帝对统治政策也作过一些调整，但随着晋武帝灭吴之后疏于朝政，不思采取断然而有效之措施革除弊端，而在生命垂危之际寄希望于藩王，以图利用藩王的强势去革除这种种不利于司马氏政权稳固的因素，但终竟未能如其所愿，为随之而来的八王之乱埋下了伏笔。而这一来之不易的局面伴随着八王之乱，随后便被战乱分裂与民族冲撞所代替。而究其根源，西晋的藩王政治与其密不可分。故而本文作者试图通过分析西晋藩王政策来阐述中国古代职官系统中中央与地方集权与分权之间的关系与矛盾，以及由这俩对矛盾所衍生出来的伴生物—藩王制与郡县制的矛盾，以期能获得一点启示。
[Abstract]:Since the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty? Warlords? As a result, Cao Cao reunified the north on the basis of the political superiority of "blackmailing the emperor to make the princes", and laid the foundation of national unification in the future. At the same time, it also laid a solid foundation for the future in Wei and Jin dynasties. What is more obvious is that Cao Cao created a precedent of weakening the monarch power as prime minister in Chinese history and finally seizing monarchy power. With it, Sima's grandsons and grandsons finally replaced Cao through painstaking management to reunite Hainei. In the process of seizing power and management in the period of Cao and Wei, in addition to the division in the central government, drawing in the gentry class to make it recognize the legitimacy of its political power, Sima was in the local area. Then let Sima's relatives and children keep their throat to achieve the purpose of controlling the inside and outside. Finally, Sima group was established on behalf of Wei, while inheriting a series of political systems during the period of Cao Wei. More on the basis of criticism on the basis of the re-construction of political power, but with the development of the times. As a conformable monarch, Emperor Jin Wudi continued the consistent policy of his ancestors. Dafeng clansmen and children were king and allowed them to stand alone, forming the vassal king. A situation that never ends. During that period, Emperor Wu made some adjustments to the ruling policy, but with Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty neglecting the imperial government, he did not think of taking drastic and effective measures to eliminate the drawbacks, and placed his hope on the vassal king when his life was on the verge of death. In an attempt to use the vassal power to remove these factors that are not conducive to the stability of the Sima regime, but finally failed to meet its expectations. For the ensuing chaos of the eight kings planted the foreshadowing. And this hard-won situation accompanied by the eight kings of chaos, and then by the war? Division and ethnic conflict were replaced. But the root of it, the vassal politics of the Western Jin Dynasty is inseparable. Therefore, the author tries to explain the central and local government in the ancient Chinese official system by analyzing the policy of the vassal king in the Western Jin Dynasty. The relationship and contradiction between centralization and decentralization, as well as the contradiction between vassal system and county system derived from these two contradictions, in order to obtain some enlightenment.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：K237.1

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