张岱义烈观研究

发布时间：2018-01-29 17:27

本文关键词： 张岱义烈遗民石匮书后集　出处：《浙江工商大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：张岱是明末清初的一位著名大文豪,然而在其文豪的外衣下包裹的是其史学家的本质与其遗民的身份。张岱由于特殊的历史原因,其研究的热度直到近二三十年才逐渐升温,但研究的重点都在其文学方面,张岱史学方面的研究相对空白,而对张岱"义烈观"的研究,前人更是尚未涉及。明清鼎革之际,中原陆沉,由于伦理纲常思想的普及,宋明理学的发展,明人受教育程度的普遍提高,甲申之变崇祯"身死社稷"的行为,这四重力量相互作用影响下,使得明朝殉国人数达到了历朝之冠1,因而明人的"义烈观"是非常有研究价值的。张岱作为明朝遗民士大夫的代表人物之一,有着强烈的义烈情结,其义烈情结贯穿他一生的所有著作。而在其史学著作《古今义烈传》、《石匮书后集》、《越中三不朽图赞》中,张岱的义烈情结表现的尤为明显,并形成了其独特的"义烈观"。前人将张岱的一生按照甲申之变为分界线分为"名士"与"遗民"两个阶段。而笔者认为张岱的一生应该按照甲申之变与清朝统一全国1这两个分界线分成三个阶段,张岱的"义烈三部曲",张岱人生的三个阶段,以及他人生的三次重大抉择,这三者之间有着不可分割的紧密联系性。本文在第一章绪论中先简单介绍张岱的生平,研究概况,本文的选题意义与创新点。第二章至第四章为本文主体部分,按照"是什么"、"为什么"、"怎么样"这三步进行阐述。第二章介绍张岱的"义烈观"是什么,先鉴定"义烈观"的定义,再分六点论述张岱义烈观的具体内容,同时指出张岱 "义烈观"中部分观点的历史局限性。第三章介绍张岱为什么会形成他的这种义烈观,从八个角度逐条分析其"义烈观"的源头与部分有历史局限性的观点的成因。第四章先简要梳理明朝之前"义烈观"的源流发展,再介绍明清鼎革之际士大夫主流"义烈观"的大致情况,简要阐述张岱"义烈观"产生的时代背景,最后将张岱的"义烈观"与同时代极具代表性的刘宗周、毛奇龄二人的"义烈观"分别进行比较,分析其异同点及原因。第五章得出结论。
[Abstract]:Zhang Dai was a famous great literary magnate in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. However, under the cloak of his literary haughty was the essence of his historian and the identity of his people. Zhang Dai was due to special historical reasons. The heat of his research did not gradually rise until nearly twenty or thirty years, but the focus of the study is in his literature, the research of Zhang Dai's historiography is relatively blank, and the study of Zhang Dai's "the view of Yi Li". During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Lu Shen, due to the popularization of ethical principles, the development of Song Ming's Neo-Confucianism, the general improvement of the education of Ming people, and the behavior of Jia Shen's becoming Chongzhen's "dead society state". Under the interaction of the four forces, the number of martyrs in Ming Dynasty reached the highest level of history, so the Ming people's "view of righteousness and martyrdom" was of great value. Zhang Dai was one of the representatives of the literati and officials of the Ming Dynasty. There is a strong complex of righteousness, whose complex runs through all his works throughout his life. But in his historical works, the Book of the Book of Shikui, the three Immortals of Yuezhong. Zhang Dai's love complex is particularly obvious. Zhang Dai's life was divided into "famous people" and "survivors" according to Jia Shen's. The author thinks that Zhang Dai's life should be divided into three stages according to the transformation of Jia Shen and the unification of Qing Dynasty. Zhang Dai's "Yi lie trilogy", Zhang Dai's three stages of life, as well as his three major choices in life. This paper introduces Zhang Dai's life, research overview, significance and innovation of this paper. Chapter two to 4th is the main part of this paper. According to the "what", "why", "how" these three steps to elaborate. The second chapter introduces Zhang Dai's "Yi Li view" is what, first identify the definition of "Yi Li view". Then it discusses the concrete content of Zhang Daiyi's view of Li in six points, and points out the historical limitation of some views in Zhang Dai's "view of Yi lie". The third chapter introduces why Zhang Dai formed this kind of view of righteousness. From eight angles, this paper analyzes the origin of the view of Yi Li and the causes of some historical limitations. Chapter 4th briefly combs the origin and development of the view of righteousness before the Ming Dynasty. Then introduce the Ming and Qing dynasties, the mainstream of "Yi Li view" of the general situation, a brief description of Zhang Dai "Yi Li view" of the era background, finally Zhang Dai's "Yi Li view" and the representative of the same era Liu Zongzhou. Mao Qiling's view of righteousness is compared, and their similarities, differences and reasons are analyzed. Chapter 5th draws a conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工商大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K249;B821

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