南宋国防中的荆襄地区

发布时间：2018-01-31 21:32

本文关键词： 南宋荆襄战区国防　出处：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：荆襄地区,扼天下之中,自古以来便是兵家必争之地。南宋背海立国,国势不振,不断遭受北敌之入侵。荆襄地区以其居中之区位,自然成为抵御外敌,联结四川、江淮,协防东西的核心区域。以襄阳为中心的襄汉防线,以江陵、鄂州为枢纽的长江防线,加之境土前沿的唐、邓之地,各因其易守难攻的地理形势,对荆襄战区的防卫发挥着至关重要的作用。由于南宋军力不兴,虽有隆兴、开禧自奋之举,然上下不协,所托非人,终不免于失败。在漫长之岁月里,南宋一直处于被动防御的地位。从与金、元对峙时期爆发的历次战争来看,与其他战区相同,荆襄战区的防御重心,由金存之际的襄汉前线,到蒙元兴起之后的鄂州腹地,也是随着北方进攻重点的变化而因势转变。在南北对峙的一百五十年里,宋廷虽屡有“恢复故土”之论调,但是,在“守御东南”的立国基调和国力日衰的无奈情势下,朝野上下逐渐接受了依靠四川、荆襄、江淮战区凭险自保的现实。依靠各大战区的守备得宜,特别是荆襄战区的协防联结,宋廷多次转危为安。然而,大厦将倾,国事蜩螗,在与蒙古鏖战近四十年后,因襄樊沦陷引起的荆襄战区之崩溃,彻底粉碎了南宋尚可苟延的国防体系。荆襄新丧,不旋踵而南宋亡,南宋安危系于荆襄,也在国亡之际最后一次深刻显现。
[Abstract]:Jingxiang area, the world, since ancient times is a war of war. The Southern Song Dynasty back to the sea, the country has been weak, constantly suffered from the invasion of the northern enemy. Jingxiang region with its central location, naturally become a defense against foreign enemies. Xiangyang as the center of the Xiang-Han defense line, Jiangling, Ezhou as the hub of the Yangtze River line of defense, coupled with the frontier frontier of Tang, Deng. Each because of its easy to defend difficult to attack the geographical situation, to Jingxiang theater defense plays a vital role. Because the Southern Song Dynasty military power is not rising, although there is a rise, the opening of the new year since the move, but did not cooperate with each other, entrusted non-human. In the long years, the Southern Song Dynasty was always in the position of passive defense. From the previous wars that broke out during the confrontation with Jin and Yuan dynasties, the center of defense of Jingxiang war zone was the same as other war zones. From the front line of Xiang and Han at the time of the preservation of gold to the hinterland of Ezhou after the rise of the Mongol and Yuan Dynasty, it was also due to the change of power as a result of the change in the emphasis of the northern offensive, during the 150 years of North-South confrontation. Although the Song Dynasty often had the theory of "restoring its native land", however, under the circumstances of the founding tone of "guarding the southeast" and the declining national strength, the government and the opposition gradually accepted to rely on Sichuan and Jingxiang. The reality of the Jianghuai war zone to protect itself by danger. Depending on the readiness of the major war zones, especially the cooperation and defense links of the Jingxiang war zone, the Song Dynasty has repeatedly turned over the crisis. However, the building will be overturned and the state will be in trouble. After nearly 40 years of fierce war with Mongolia, the collapse of the Jingxiang war zone caused by the fall of Xiangfan completely shattered the national defense system of Shang Keyan in the Southern Song Dynasty. Also at the time of the death of the country for the last time a profound appearance.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K245

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