唐人养生研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 18:03

本文关键词： 唐代养生儒家道家佛家胡汉民族　出处：《曲阜师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在唐代儒、释、道等多元文化并存、胡汉民族大融合的社会背景下,唐人的养生浸染了时代特色。儒、释、道三家在养生理论、途径(方法)、目的上各有特色。儒家养生重在养德,用仁、义、忠、孝和高度的社会责任感来实现自身德性的完善,养生的目的是积极入世、立功立业,实现人生的价值；道家养生重在养身,使得身体器官远离病变,容颜永驻,延年益寿。道家养生的途径之一是借助于外力、器物养生也就是丹鼎派养生方式；二是诉诸于自身精、气、神的炼养即内丹派的养生方式；三是通过符咒斋醮法事即符篆派养生方式。养生目的就是使身体长生久视,把羽化登仙作为最终目的。佛教养生重在养心,要有普度众生的慈悲心。儒释道三家在养生上既有争论又互相援引。儒家养生借鉴了佛教心性养生思想；道家养生不仅吸收了儒家道德养生思想,把得道升仙和德行联系在一起,援儒入道,而且融摄了佛教禅宗的心性说,把心性的炼养成为得道升仙的关键。唐朝后期儒释道三家在养生上共同对“心性”的重视,代表着儒、释、道三家在养生上的合流,成为时代发展的主旋律。唐代由于胡汉民族融合和广泛的国内外民族的交往,汉民族的养生体现了浓重的胡化色彩和一定程度的异域色彩,少数民族的养生受到中原影响,不断汉化。唐代汉民族非常注重食疗,并已经有关于食疗的专著。汉民族发明了一种运用中草药泡制的具有养生价值的青精饭,并把少数民族的胡麻用于此饭制作中。唐人已经认识到茶的保健功效,中原汉族饮茶之风盛行,并有多部关于茶的著作。佛道二教也把茶作为有助修行的饮品。饮茶之风也传播到边境少数民族,出现了茶马互市。汉民族还引进了域外胡人具有养生价值的食材,诸如菠菜、胡芹等,并学习了域外的蔗糖制作技术。汉民族在休闲娱乐上也喜欢胡乐、胡舞、打马球,而少数民族在养生上的汉化主要表现为他们学习中原先进的生产生活方式。唐人非常注重医药养生,在发展本国医药的同时,唐人广泛引进域外胡人的药物、医术为己所用。由于文成、金城公主入藏,带去了大量的医药书籍,西藏的医药养生深受中原影响。唐人养生虽然有许多荒谬非科学的成分,但并不影响唐人养生的贡献。唐人养生不仅促进了唐代医药、化学的发展,而且大大丰富了唐代文学创作的题材。
[Abstract]:Under the background of the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the Tang Dynasty and the great integration of the Hu and Han nationalities, the health preservation of the Tang people became a feature of the times. The ways (methods and purposes) have their own characteristics. Confucian health care focuses on cultivating morality, using benevolence, righteousness, loyalty, filial piety and a high degree of social responsibility to achieve the perfection of their own moral character. The purpose of health preservation is to actively join the WTO, to establish meritorious service and to realize the value of life. One of the ways of Taoist health preservation is to resort to external forces, that is, the way to keep things in good health, that is, the Danding school; and second, to resort to their own essence and qi. The cultivation of God is the way of the Nedan school; the third way is to preserve the health of the zhuan school through the mantra for jiao festival. The purpose of health preservation is to keep the body alive for a long time, and to take the emergence of immortals as the ultimate goal. It is necessary to have the compassion of all sentient beings. The three schools of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Taoism have both arguments and references to each other in the preservation of their health. The Confucianists have borrowed from Buddhism's thought of keeping healthy in the mind and nature; the Taoists have not only absorbed the Confucian thought of moral health preservation, The combination of Taoism and virtue, the aid of Confucianism into Taoism, and the melting of the Buddhist Zen mind theory, the cultivation of the heart nature as the key to get the Taoism and the immortal. In the late Tang Dynasty, Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism and Taoism attached common importance to the "heart nature" in their health. It represents the confluence of Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in the development of the times. Due to the fusion of Hu and Han nationalities and the extensive communication between domestic and foreign nationalities in the Tang Dynasty, the health preservation of the Han nationality reflected the strong hu-hu-hu-hu-hu-hu-hu-hu-hu-hu-hue and the exotic color to some extent. The Han nationality in the Tang Dynasty paid great attention to diet therapy and had already written monographs on diet therapy. The Han nationality invented a kind of green rice with health value, which was made with Chinese herbal medicine. And used the flax of the ethnic minorities for this meal. The Tang people have realized the health benefits of tea, and the Chinese drinking tea in the Central Plains is very popular. There were also many books on tea. Buddhism and Taoism also used tea as a drink for spiritual practice. Tea drinking also spread to the border ethnic minorities, resulting in the exchange of tea and horses. The Han nationality also introduced food materials of health value such as spinach from the outside of the Hu people. Hu Qin and others, and learned the techniques of making sugar abroad. The Han nationality also likes Hu Le, Hu Dance and polo in leisure and entertainment. However, the Sinicization of the ethnic minorities in health preservation is mainly manifested in their study of the advanced production and life style of the Central Plains. The Tang people attached great importance to the preservation of medicine, and while developing their own medicine, the Tang people extensively introduced medicine from the outside of the Hu people. As a result of Wen Cheng, Princess Jincheng entered Tibet, brought a large number of medical books, Tibetan medicine deeply influenced by the Central Plains. Although there are many absurd and unscientific elements in the preservation of health of the Tang people, it does not affect the contribution of the people of the Tang Dynasty to the preservation of their health, which not only promoted the development of medicine and chemistry in the Tang Dynasty, but also greatly enriched the subjects of literary creation in the Tang Dynasty.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K242

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