辽朝中京地区海事研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 15:09

本文关键词： 辽朝中京地区海事研究　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：辽朝疆域,历经六位君主才最终得以确立。唐朝末年,契丹族在原有游牧地基础上,向东拓展,占有了辽东地区。耶律阿保机成为迭剌部夷离堇后,先后降服室韦、女真等族。公元907年,耶律阿保机取代遥辇称帝建辽,实现了契丹国家发展史上的一次改朝换代。此后,阿保机陆续征服奚族、灭掉渤海国。辽太宗即位后,援立后晋、北汉,获取了燕云十六州地区。辽世宗、辽穆宗、辽景宗不断与后汉、后周、北宋发生争战,辽宋界线处于南北摆动不定状态。辽圣宗时,辽宋双方缔结“澶渊之盟”,辽朝南部界线得以确立,标志着辽朝疆域的确定,也意味着辽朝海疆最终形成。辽朝海疆,因高丽王朝与辽朝接壤,从而分为南部、东部海防线。南部海防线地处南京道、中京道、东京道境内,由三道相关州县负责管理、防守,海防对象为北宋和高丽。东部海防线归属于东京道,生活着兀惹、女真等部族,辽朝设立部族节度使、大王府具体负责海防线的管理与镇戍,主要防御高丽、日本来自海上的侵袭。辽朝中京设立之前,辽中京地区沿海地带由奚王府和锦州节度使管理,奚人和汉人是海事活动的主体。中京道建成后,锦州、来州所属州县成为海岸的管理者,奚人、契丹人、女真人、渤海人、汉人等广泛从事于各种海事活动。中京道海防力量由岸上和海上两部分组成,防御对象为北宋。分析历史文献和考古资料,得知除海防外,辽朝人于中京道主要从事三种海事活动。一、海鱼捕捞。辽人能够使用渔网捕鱼、海冰钩鱼、出海捕鱼三种方法捕获海鱼。二、海盐的生产、管理、销售。中京道沿海地区设有三处盐场,榷盐院为盐场的管理者。海盐主要销售于中京道、东京道、上京道和南京道,甚至销往北宋。三、海港与海上交通。中京道建有六处港口,港口之间往来频繁,并有航路通往南京道和北宋。辽朝人开展的多种海事活动,足以表明辽人对沿海资源的利用达到很高的水平。
[Abstract]:The territory of the Liao Dynasty was finally established by six monarchs. In the late Tang Dynasty, the Qidan nationality expanded eastward on the basis of its original nomadic lands and occupied the eastern part of Liaoning. Nu Zhen and others. In 907 AD, Yeru Arbor replaced Yao as emperor and built Liao, realizing a change of dynasty in the history of Qidan. Since then, he has conquered Xi and destroyed Bohai. After Liao Taizong ascended the throne, he succeeded in setting up Jin and the Northern Han Dynasty. Obtained Yanyun 16 state area. Liao Shizong, Liao Mu Zong, Liao Jingzong and the post Han Dynasty, the later Zhou Dynasty, the Northern Song Dynasty, the Liao Song Dynasty boundary is in the north and south swing uncertain state. Liaoshengzong, The conclusion of the "Chanyuan alliance" between the two sides of the Liao and Song dynasties, the establishment of the southern boundary of the Liao Dynasty, marked the determination of the territory of the Liao Dynasty and the final formation of the maritime boundary of the Liao Dynasty. The maritime boundary of the Liao Dynasty was divided into the south because the Koryo dynasty bordered the Liao Dynasty. The eastern sea defense line. The southern sea defense line is located in Nanjing Road, Zhongjing Road, and Tokyo Road. It is managed and defended by three related states and prefectures. The coastal defense targets are the Northern Song Dynasty and Koryo. The eastern sea defense line belongs to Tokyo Road and lives in Uyakarta, Nuzhen and other tribes. In the Liao Dynasty, the tribal section was set up, and the Grand Wangfu was specifically responsible for the management and defense of the sea lines, mainly for the defense of Koryo, and for the Japanese invasion from the sea. Before the establishment of the Chinese capital in the Liao Dynasty, the coastal zone in the central Liaoning Province was managed by the Xi Wang Fu and the Jinzhou Keystone. Xi people and Han people are the main body of maritime activities. After the completion of Zhongjing Road, Jinzhou and its counties became coastal administrators, Xi people, Qidan people, real women, Bohai people, The Han people and so on are extensively engaged in various maritime activities. The coastal defense forces of China's Jingdao Road are made up of shore and sea parts, and the defense objects are the Northern Song Dynasty. By analyzing historical documents and archaeological materials, we know that in addition to coastal defense, The people of the Liao Dynasty mainly engaged in three kinds of maritime activities in Zhongjing Dao. First, marine fish were fished. The Liao people were able to catch marine fish by fishing nets, sea ice hook fish and fishing at sea. Second, the production and management of sea salt. Sales. There are three salt farms in the coastal area of Zhongjing Road, and the Salt Institute is the manager of the salt farm. Sea salt is mainly sold in Zhongjing Road, Tokyo Road, Shangjing Road and Nanjing Road, and even sold to the Northern Song Dynasty. There are six ports in Zhongjing Road, and there are many kinds of maritime activities between the ports, which lead to Nanjing Road and Northern Song Dynasty. It is enough to show that the utilization of coastal resources by Liao people has reached a very high level.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：K246.1

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