西秦政权处理与周邻政权关系策略浅析

发布时间：2018-03-17 21:16

本文选题：西秦　切入点：乞伏鲜卑　出处：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：魏晋以来,北方许多少数民族不断内迁,关陇地区氐、羌、鲜卑等民族人口不断增加,使该地区成为民族成分多且复杂的民族聚集区。西晋亡后,内迁的少数民族纷纷建立政权,各政权之间的交流融合又使该地区的民族构成不断复杂化,进一步加剧了这一地区的民族矛盾;东晋虽偏居东南一隅,但与北方诸政权的互动却没有间断。乞伏鲜卑集团在这种大背景下建立的西秦政权(公元385-公元431年),从建立之初就面临着复杂的民族关系。随着自身实力的不断变化,西秦与周边政权的关系也随之发生变化。也曾一度被其他政权所覆灭,但是它又有过复国乃至达到鼎盛的经历。西秦弱小时与其它少数民族政权则和平相处;当其实力增强时,对周围各政权则以进攻为主,力求扩张疆土,先后打败南凉、驱逐北凉,又多次打败吐谷浑,占据了陇右大部分地区。但他的强盛外表下,自身内部矛盾和来自其他民族政权的进攻使得西秦由盛转衰,成为各政权攻伐的对象,直至最终灭亡。西秦与这些政权在政治、军事、经济及文化等方面都有着千丝万缕的联系。本文试图以西秦政权的视角与其周边政权的民族关系分析魏晋时期中国北方少数民族关系。并以西秦民族关系为例总结当时的复杂民族关系的具体成因和影响,并在分析西秦民族关系史的基础上,结合魏晋南北朝政治史领域的研究成果对民族关系史进行联系对比研究。通过对西秦政权兴衰过程中与北方其他少数民族以及汉族之间的相互交流和碰撞进行梳理和解析,按照当时乞伏鲜卑集团与周邻民族政权的不同民族关系处理方式分类:如和亲、质子、战争威服、遣使称降等,进一步揭示十六国时期复杂的民族关系和整体上而言渐趋一体化的民族融合进程。
[Abstract]:Since the Wei and Jin dynasties, many ethnic minorities in the north have been moving internally, and the population of Di, Qiang, Xianbei and other ethnic groups in the Guanlong region has been increasing, which has made this region a rich and complex ethnic gathering area with many ethnic elements. After the death of the Western Jin Dynasty, The internal minorities established political power one after another, and the exchange and integration of the various political regimes further complicated the ethnic composition of the region, further exacerbating the ethnic contradictions in this region; although the Eastern Jin Dynasty was located in a corner of the southeast, However, the interaction with the northern regimes has not been interrupted. The Western Qin regime established by Qifu Xianbei Group (385-431 AD) was faced with complicated ethnic relations from the beginning of its establishment. With the constant changes of its own strength, The relationship between the Western Qin Dynasty and the neighboring regimes also changed. It was once destroyed by other regimes, but it also had the experience of restoring the country and even reaching its peak. When the Western Qin Dynasty was weak and weak, it got along peacefully with other minority regimes; when its strength increased, On the other hand, the surrounding political regimes are mainly attacking, striving to expand their territory, defeating Nanliang successively, expelling Beiliang, and defeating Tu-Ku-hun many times, occupying most of the region of Longyou. But under his strong appearance, The internal contradictions and the attacks from other ethnic regimes made the Western Qin Dynasty turn from prosperity to decline, and became the target of the various regimes' attack and felling, until the final perishing. The Western Qin Dynasty and these regimes were in politics, military affairs, The economic and cultural aspects are inextricably linked. This paper attempts to analyze the ethnic relations of northern China in the Wei and Jin dynasties from the perspective of the Western Qin regime and the national relations of its neighboring regimes, and takes the ethnic relations of the Western Qin Dynasty as an example. Concluding the specific causes and effects of the complex ethnic relations at that time, And on the basis of analyzing the history of the Western Qin ethnic relations, Combining with the research achievements in the field of political history of Wei, Jin and Southern and Northern dynasties, this paper makes a comparative study on the history of ethnic relations. By means of combing and analyzing the interaction and collision with other ethnic minorities in the north and the Han nationality in the process of the rise and fall of the Western Qin regime, According to the different ways of handling ethnic relations between Qifu Xianbei Group and Zhou's neighboring ethnic regime at that time: such as kinship, proton, military uniform, dispatch and surrender, etc. It further reveals the complex ethnic relations and the process of national integration in the period of 16 Kingdoms.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K238

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