北宋宦官预政若干问题探析

发布时间：2018-04-10 11:06

本文选题：北宋 + 宦官　；参考：《广西师范大学》2010年硕士论文

【摘要】： 宦官是我国古代在宫廷侍奉君主及其家族的官员,在帝王专制政体下,这一特殊的社会阶层极易越出其本职范围,参预封建国家的政治、经济和军事活动。北宋是防范宦官专权较为成功的朝代,在北宋没有出现严重的宦官专权现象。但这并不意味着宦官在政治舞台上销声匿迹,相反,北宋宦官广泛地活跃于社会军事、政治经济等各个领域。军事方面,从出使到监军再到出任统帅,宦官在北宋历朝都有不同表现,并呈现出各自不同的特点。不少宦官在维护中央集权,捍卫边疆等方面,作出了积极地贡献。然而宦官监军统兵所造成的弊端,也是不可胜言。政治方面,参预了宫廷和官僚之间的纷争、探查臣民、干预司法、干涉察举用人及出使等活动。经济方面,他们在帮助皇帝管理私人府库、监管各类经济事务、参与对外贸易活动、负责营建各类工程的过程中都发挥了重要的作用。北宋宦官在君臣严加防范的情况下,仍能广泛的干预政事,主要是凭籍北宋君主对文臣武将的猜忌;猜忌之主、刚明之君、昏庸之主在位;太后垂帘听政;加之其本身的素养。北宋宦官广泛的干预政治、经济、军事,势必与君主和朝臣发生千丝万缕的联系。一方面皇帝在特殊时期对他们的预政采取利用态度,同时,一些官僚士大夫与宦官的相互勾结,也对其势力膨胀起了一定的推动作用。另一方面,由于皇帝对宦官的防范,以及朝臣对宦官的抵制,使其虽然虽然广泛干预政事,却始终未能如东汉末年和唐朝末年一样专权擅政。
[Abstract]:The ancient Chinese officials at court serving the Lord and his family, in the imperial autocracy, a special social stratum easily beyond their scope, in the feudal state political, economic and military activities. The Northern Song Dynasty is to prevent the eunuch successful dynasties in the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch did not appear serious phenomenon. But this does not mean that the eunuch in the political arena disappeared, on the contrary, the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch widely active in the society of military, political and economic fields. From the military, to be sent to the prison commander, the eunuch have different performance in the in the Northern Song Dynasty, and showed different features. A lot of eunuch in the centralized maintenance defend, frontier, has made a positive contribution. However, drawbacks caused by the eunuch in charge of military forces and political participation. Inexpressible, between the court and the bureaucratic disputes, Exploration of subjects of judicial intervention, so interference using people and mission activities. They help the emperor in the economy, management and supervision of various types of private treasures, economic affairs, participate in foreign trade activities, responsible for the process of construction projects have played an important role in.
In the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch to guard against the case, can still widely intervene in political affairs, mainly by virtue of the Northern Song Dynasty monarch fumiomi generals suspicion; suspicion of the Lord, just the king, Lord of the reign of Empress Dowager fatuous; behind the screen; together with its own quality.
Political intervention, the Northern Song Dynasty eunuch extensive economic, military, is bound to have close relationship with the monarch and courtiers. On the one hand, the emperor to take advantage of their political attitude, pre in the special period, some collusion between bureaucrats and eunuch, the expansion forces played a certain role. On the other hand, because the emperor of the eunuch's guard, and resist the courtiers of eunuch, which although widely intervene in political affairs, but always failed to such as the Eastern Han Dynasty and the Tang Dynasty as monopolize the power.

【学位授予单位】：广西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2010
【分类号】：K244

【参考文献】