汉魏时期的“胆”观念探微

发布时间：2018-04-10 08:57

本文选题：胆　切入点：勇敢　出处：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："胆"观念在汉语思想世界中的精神意味开启于汉代人对胆腑的基本理解方式。在《黄帝内经》和《白虎通》中,"胆"既指向作为身体内部诸脏器之一的血肉之胆,同时又指向人的精神活动之勇敢和意志决断力。汉代人把胆视为具有心理功能的生理脏器,认为胆腑参与人的意志决断活动,跟人性之勇敢与怯懦直接相关,但这却是笛卡尔以来的机械身体观与脑科学难以接受的。而隐藏在对胆的理解差异背后的,其实是中、西方不同的身心观,因此本文以笛卡尔的身心二元论对胆的理解方式为参照,对《内经》的胆论进行解读。汉代人的"胆"论开启了"胆"在汉语思想中的基本内涵,每当言及"胆",胆的精神与生理的双重意蕴总会同时到来,而对于个体行动的意志和勇气发自血肉之胆,后人更是笃信无疑。到了汉魏之际,由于乱世求英雄及魏晋士人的个体意志之觉醒,胆所特有的勇敢和意志之精神品质更是受到人们的普遍关注,并与聪明之才质相对应,在刘劭的《人物志·英雄篇》和嵇康、吕安的辩论文《明胆论》中得到主题化讨论。本文将对刘劭的英雄之辩和嵇康的明胆之辩进行深入分析,并就中西方对聪明与胆勇(或者说理智与意志)之关系的不同理解方式进行对比。此外,本文还将围绕嵇康的意志思想,讨论胆志在魏晋时代的突显,并试图对"胆"问题何以在汉魏之际得到主题化讨论进行理论解析,以期更完整地领会魏晋思想世界。
[Abstract]:"Dan" concept in Chinese thought in the world of spirit means open to the people of Han Dynasty on the basic understanding of gall bladder. In Huangdi Neijing < > and < > baihutong, "Dan" is pointing to the various organs of the body as flesh and blood bile, and point to the spiritual activities of the courage and the will decisiveness. The people of the Han Dynasty as the common physiological organ has psychological function, that participants will decide gall bladder activity, with the human brave directly associated with cowardice, but this is the mechanical body since Descartes's view is difficult to accept and brain science. But behind the differences in understanding of the bile, is actually in the west, different physical and mental outlook, according to Descartes's dualism of common understanding of the way as the reference, the interpretation of "the theory of the Han people." "bile bile" theory opens the basic connotation of "Dan" in Chinese thought, when mentioned "guts", bile The mental and physical double meanings always come at the same time, and for the individual action will and courage from the flesh and blood of the bile, is believed to posterity. The awakening times due to the occasion of the Han, Wei and Jin Dynasties for heroes and the individual will, bile peculiar courage and the will of the spirit of quality is more attention, and wise before the corresponding, in Liu Shao - hero biography < > and Ji Kang, Lv An's argumentation theory has been the theme of "Ming bile. This paper will discuss on the hero of Liu Shao and Ji Kang that the debate debate bile in-depth analysis, and on the West of smart and bile (or reason and will Yong) the relationship between the different ways of understanding were compared. In addition, this paper will focus on the will of Ji Kang thought, discussed in bile in the Wei and Jin Dynasties highlight, and tried to" bile "why in the period from Han Dynasty to the theme of the discussion In order to comprehend the ideological world of the Wei and Jin Dynasties more completely, the theoretical analysis was carried out.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：K23

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