耕新垦遗与环境演变:以明代江汉平原的农业开发为例

发布时间：2018-04-10 08:26

本文选题：江汉平原　切入点：环境　出处：《江汉论坛》2017年10期

【摘要】：江汉平原的自然环境,深刻影响着区域经济发展与社会文化变迁,频繁的陵谷变迁,乃该地区土地资源禀赋最为突出的特征,亦成为社会经济诸多问题的根源。明代江汉平原的围垸垦殖,在体现人与自然界之间相互抗争的同时,又充满着人与人之间的社会矛盾。堤垸农田坍涨无常,淡水捕捞业长期持续,新增堤垸内的田地,并非都是新辟耕地,即使新辟耕地,亦未必全是生荒,同一块土地在不同时段被反复垦辟的现象绝非罕见。研究江汉平原的环境史,切勿忽视这一基本特征。地籍混乱、土地兼并、赋役负担轻重悬殊等,多非单纯的社会问题,受环境制约,江汉平原的田地清丈也更为复杂困难。
[Abstract]:The natural environment of Jianghan Plain has a profound influence on the development of regional economy and social and cultural changes. The frequent changes of Linggu are the most prominent characteristics of land resource endowment in this area, and also become the root of many social and economic problems.The reclamation of embankment in Jianghan Plain in the Ming Dynasty embodied the struggle between man and nature, and at the same time, it was full of social contradictions between people.Farmland in embankment has collapsed and the fresh water fishing industry has continued for a long time. Not all the fields in the embankment are new cultivated land. Even if new farmland is created, it may not be all wasteland. It is not uncommon for the same land to be reclaimed and reclaimed at different times.To study the environmental history of Jianghan Plain, this basic feature should not be ignored.The chaos of cadastre, the annexation of land, the great disparity of the burden of duty, and so on, are not simple social problems, and restricted by the environment, the clearing of land in Jianghan Plain is more complicated and difficult.
【作者单位】：武汉大学历史学院;
【分类号】：K248

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